HB+Urinary+System+(p.189)

=__//CHAPTER 10.1 (p.189): Urinary System and Excretion//__=

What are the organs of the urinary system, and what are their functions?

 * __Kidneys__: The average human has two kidneys that are bean-shaped and reddish brown in color. In the kidney a renal artery enters and a renal vein and ureter exit the kidney.
 * __Ureters__: The ureters primary purpose is to conduct urine form the kidneys to the bladder.
 * __Urinary Bladder__: Storing urine until is it expelled from the body is what the urinary bladder is for. It also has the ability to attain urine.

In what four ways do the kidneys help maintain homeostasis?

 * They are responsible for the excretion of metabolic wastes, the maintenance of Water-Salt balance, the maintenance of Acid-base balance, and the secretion of hormones.

What are the three major areas of the kidney?

 * The renal Cortex, the renal medulla, and renal pelvis are the three major area of a kidney.

What microscopic structure is responsible for the production of urine?

 * The kidney is made up of millions of nephrons. These nephrons are responsilbe for the production of urine.

How do the parts of the nephron differ?

 * __Glomerular Capsule__: These capsules are located at the closed in of the cuplike structure and are responsible for the filtration of blood.
 * __Proximal Convuluted Tubule:__ The PC tubule is composed of many microvilli that are part of the process to supply energy to parts of the capillary network.
 * __Loop of the Nephron:__ As this tube narrows there is change of direction called the loop of the nephron. This loop does not allow water to leave and filters the salts.
 * __Distal Convoluted Tubule:__ This tubule can not reabsorb but can carrying molecules from the blood.