respiratory+system+homework+EAT

Respiratory System pp.170-172 1. In words, trace the path of air into the body. 2. What is the purpose of the respiratory system? 3. What is the difference between the pharynx and the larynx? Describe the following disorders in your words 1. Sinusitis 2. Ear infection (otitis media) 3. Tonsilitis 4. Bronchitis 5. Pneumonia 6. tuberculosis 7. emphysema 8. asthma
 * the air enters through the nasal cavity where is filtered, moistened, and warmed, it then goes into the it then enters the pharynx where the air and food can move into the glottis which then creates an opening for the air to enter the larynx then it enters the trachea which allows the air to enter the bronchus which leads the air to the lungs which has air sacs and performs the gas exchange
 * it allows oxygen to enter the body and ensures that carbon dioxide leaves the body
 * the pharynx is funnel-shaped and creates a passageway from the nasal to the oral cavities of the larynx. it is known as the "throat" and has three parts... the nasopharynx (where th oral cavities open above the palate), the oropharynx (where the oral cavity opens), and the laryngopharynx ( opens to the larynx).
 * the larynx is made of cartiledge and is a passage for air in between the pharynx and the trachea. it is a triangular and is where the "adams apple" is located. it is the voice box because it has the vocal chords inside of it.
 * when mucus block the openings of the sinuses. hot showers and sleeping upright can help.
 * symptoms
 * post nasal drip
 * facial pain
 * tenderness in the forehead and cheeks
 * heavy feeling in the head when you bend over
 * headache
 * sometimes toothache
 * often caused by children with a nasal infection. if you have an ear infection you are given antibiotics. if you have chronic ear infections you will get tubes placed in the ear drums to help prevent the buildup of pressure... by allowing the ear to drain effectively.
 * symptoms
 * pain
 * fullness
 * hearing loss
 * vertigo
 * fever
 * when the tonsils are inflamed and swollen. the tonsils can be taken out by surgery if the problem is consistent. the tonsils are the first thing to fight against pathogens that enter the body.
 * symptoms
 * can make breathing difficult
 * an infection thats in the primary and secondary bronchi. it is caused by a virus that has caused a secondary infection
 * symptoms
 * deep cough producing puss of mucus
 * an infection (viral or bacterial) in the lungs... which causes the bronchi and alveoli to fill with thick fluid. it can be localized in certain lobes of the lungs. the more lobes that are infected the worse the illness is. poor immunity and stress can lead to a small infection becoming pneumonia.
 * symptoms
 * high fever
 * chills
 * headache
 * chest pain
 * caused by bacteria. the bacteria enters the lung tissue... the cells create a protective layer around the bacteria... isolating it from the rest of the body. the layer is called a tubercle... if the body has high resistance the tubercle will die... but is resistance is low the organism inside will break free. if the body has active tubercles the person is prescribed medicine.
 * is chronic and doesn't have a cure. the alveolu are distended and the walls are damaged... so the surface area for gas exchange is reduced. usually caused by smoking and is sometimes comes from chronic bronchitis. it is when air is trapped in the lungs which leads to aveoltar damage and the chest starts to balloon. the air ways are narrowed. less oxygen enters the heart and brain.
 * symptoms
 * breathless
 * cough
 * a disease of the bronchi and bronchioles. the airways are really