Diabetes-Emma

(1) What is a hormone? (insert an image too) - chemical signal produced by one set of cells that affects a different set of cells (2) How are the nervous system and endocrine system similar? different? - they are similar because they work together to regulate the activities of the other systems and they both use chemical signals when they respond to changes that might threaten homeostasis. They differ, however, because they have different means of delivering the chemical signals. Nervous system is made up of neurons and the endocrine system is made up of glands.
 * 15.1 Endocrine Glands (p.296-297)**

(3) Describe insulin secretion from the pancreas. Where is it produced? When is it secreted? -endocrine tissue (pancreatic islets ) of the pancreas produce and secrete insulin. insulin is secreted when the blood glucose level is high, normally after eating (4) What is the role of insulin? -insulin stimulates the uptake of glucose by cells especially in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. (5) What is diabetes mellitus? - diabetes mellitus is a fairly common hormonal disease in which liver cells, and most body cells are unable to take up glucose as they should. (6) How does a glucose tolerance test assist in the diagnosis of diabetes? - it tests the amount of glucose in urine and in blood and sees for how long the blood glucose level rises. (7) What causes diabetes type 1? -pancreas does not produce insulin (8) How is diabetes type 1 controlled? -with daily injections of insulin (9) What causes diabetes type 2? -increase in glucose equals not enough carriers for the amount of receptors...often linked to obesity (10) How is diabetes type 2 controlled? - maintaining a low-fat, low-sugar diet and exercising regularly. (11) What are the symptoms of diabetes? -frequent urination especially at night -unusual hunger and/or thirst - unexplained change of weight - blurred vision - sores that do not heal -excessive fatigue
 * 15.5 Pancreas (p.308-310)**