Respiratory+System+CH

Respiratory System

(1) What is the purpose of the respiratory system? The purpose of the respiratory system is to ensure that oxygen enters the body and carbon dioxide leaves the body.

(2) Describe the path of air from the nose to the lungs. The path begins with the nasal cavity, which filters, warms and moistens the air. Then the pharynx takes the air down to the space between the vocal chords, called the glottis. From the glottis the air moves through the larynx, down to the trachea, into the bronchus, to the bronchioles, and down into the lungs. (3) Which organs are part of the upper respiratory tract and what is the function of each organ? The upper respiratory tract includes the following: -Nasal cavity: filters, warms, and moistens air -Pharynx: passageway where pathway for air and food cross -Glottis: space between the vocal chords; opening to larynx -Larynx: the voice box (produces sound)

(4) Several organs have connections with the pharynx. What are they? They are the different parts of the pharynx, including nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx.

(5) What two pathways cross in the pharynx? Why is it correct to say they cross? The cross is between the air and food passages. They cross because the larynx, which revceives air, is in front of the esophagus, which receives food.

(6) What organs are part of the lower respiratory tract? What are the the functions of each organ? The lower respiratory tract includes: -Trachea, or windpipe: passage of air to bronchi -Bronchus: passage of air to lungs -Bronchioles: passage of air to alveoli -Lung: contains alveoli and carries out gas exchange -Diaphragm: skeletal muscle that functions in ventilation

(7) Which organ of the respiratory tract functions in gas exchange? The lungs do because they are the organs that carry out gas exchange.

(8) What are some common infections and disorders of the upper respiratory tract? Some common infections and disorders include but are not limited to sinusitis, otitis media, tonsilitis, and laryngitis.

(9) What are some common infections and disorders of the lower respiratory tract? Some common infections and disorders include but are not limited to acute bronchitis, pneumonia, and pulmonary tuberculosis.

(10) What are the three respiratory disorders commonly associated with smoking tobacco? -lung cancer -chronic bronchitis -emphysema