Human+Chromosomes+EP

Changes in Chromosome Number Vocab: nondisjunction- failure of homologous chromosomes or daughter chromosomes trisomy-one more chromosome then usual. monosomy- one less chromosome then usual. Barr body-dark staining body in the nuclei of female mammals that contains a condensed inactive X chromosome. Down Syndrome- chromosomal disorder in which there is present all of part of an extra chromosome. usually having learning disabilities. Turner Syndrome- only one X chromosome is present. usually under developed. Klinefelter Syndrome- XXY are less fertibility and and small testes in males. Poly-X Females- female has 3 or more X chromosome Jacobs Syndrome- affects males has an extra Y chromosome. develops learning problems and slower maturity What are the two types of chromosomes and how many of each do we have in every cell? Describe process that can change the normal number of chromosomes in a cell? Name chromosome disorders due to an abnormal number of autosomal chromosomes. Name chromosome disorders due to an abnormal number of sex chromosomes.
 * autosomal and the sex chromosomes. males have one X and one Y females have two X's. 22 pairs of autosomes.
 * start off with a cell with 4 chromosomes and then it splits up with 2 then the sperm waits to join. nondisjunction

Changes in Chromosome Structure Vocab: deletion- change in the chromosome structure in which the end of a chromosome breaks off, or two simultaneous breaks lead to the loss of an interna segment. duplication- change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome. inversion- change in chromosome structure in which a segment of a chromosome is turned around 180 degrees. translocation- movement of a chromosomal segment form one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome, leading to abnormalities Williams syndrome- similar to autism. mental retardation. children look like pixies Crit du Chat syndrome- make a cat like cry and small head. Alagille sydnrome- have a distenctive face Chronic myelogenous leukemia- Burkett lymphoma- cancer Name chromosome deletion syndromes. Name chromosome translocation syndromes.