HB+Human+Chromosomes

=*** font messed up here and i cant fix it without losing stuff. i promise it looked more organized before i hit the wrong button***  = = = =Chromosomes =

vocab:
 **trisomy**: **monosomy**: **Barr body**: **Down Syndrome**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Turner Syndrome**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Klinefelter Syndrome**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Poly-X Females**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Jacobs Syndrome**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> ===<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> What are the two types of chromosomes and how many of each do we have in every cell? === <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">
 * nondisjunction**:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">both members of a homologous pair go into the same daughter cell, or when the sister chromatids fail to separate.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">one type of chromosomes with three copies.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">one type of chromosomes is present in a single copy.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">one of the X chromosomes becomes a darkly staining mass of chromatid.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">trisomy 21 chromosomes.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">zygote with one X chromosome.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">XXY chromosome.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">two X chromosomes and extra Barr bodies in the nucleus.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">two Y chromosomes and one X chromosome.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> The two types of chromosomes are X and Y. In every cell, a female has an XX and a male has an XY.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Describe process that can change the normal number of chromosomes in a cell?
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Nondisjunction can change the normal number of chromosomes in a cell due to when the homologous pair go into the same daughter cell.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Name chromosome disorders due to an abnormal number of autosomal chromosomes.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Down Syndrome.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">Name chromosome disorders due to an abnormal number of sex chromosomes.
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Vocab: **Deletion**: end of a chromosome breaks off or two breaks of a chromosome leads to a segment. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Inversion**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Translocation**: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Williams syndrome:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Crit du Chat syndrome:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Alagille syndrome:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Chronic myelogenous leukemia:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">**Burkett lymphoma:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Klinefelter Syndrome and Turner Syndrome.
 * Duplication**:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">a chromosomal segment found multiple times in the same chromosome
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">a segment of a chromosome is turned 180 degrees
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">movement of a chromosomal segment from one chromosome to another
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">chromosome 7 loses a small piece
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">chromosome 5 loses a small piece
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">deletion of chromosome 20
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">translocation from part of chromosome 22 to chromosome 9
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">translocation from part of chromosome 8 to chromosome 14

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Name chromosome deletion syndromes.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Alagille Syndrome

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif">Name chromosome translocation syndromes.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif"><span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif"> Chronic myelogenous Leukemia and Burkett Lymphoma.