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Digestive System and Nutrition Problems (Book Assignment)

1. What is appendicitis and why is it dangerous? p. 145 The appendix is a worm shaped blind tube projecting from the first part of the large intestine on the right side of the abdomen. It can get appendicitis and become inflamed which, if not treated, can be fatal.

2. What are dental caries? What causes them and how can they be prevented? p. 146 Dental caries are cavities. They occur when bacteria within the mouth metabolize sugar and give off acids, which erode teeth.

3. What is heartburn? And how can it be prevented? p. 148 Heartburn is the burning sensation in the part of the esophagus behind the heart. Eating healthier, avoiding high fat meals, not over eating, light exercising can all help stop/ avoid this feeling. Otherwise medications can be prescribed.

4. What is lactose intolerance? What are the symptoms? 150 Lactose intolerance is the effects of people who do not posses the right enzyme to breakdown sugars found in milk. Some side effects are diarrhea, gas, bloating, and abdominal cramps.

5. What are gallstones? p.152 Gallstones are formed when liquid stored in the gallbladder hardens into pieces of stone like material.

6. What is jaundice? p. 153 Jaundice is a liver ailment that may occur when bile pigments leak into the blood. Jaundice is characterized by the yellowing of the white of the eyes and discoloration of the skin.

7. What is hepatitis? p. 153 the inflammation of the liver. There are three types; A, B, and C. A is usually acquired from sewage-contaminated drinking water. B is spread through sexual contact, blood transfusions or contaminated needles. C has no vaccine and can lead to chronic hepatitis, liver cancer and death.

8. What is Cirrhosis? p. 153 Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease. First it becomes fatty and hen the tissue is replaced by inactive fibrous scar tissue. Often found in alcoholics and malnutritioned people.

9. What causes diarrhea and what are the symptoms, effects? p. 154 The causes are the infection of the lower intestinal tract and nervous stimulation. It causes more water to be lost and thus dehydration if it gets severe.

10. What is constipation? What can help ease constipation? p. 154 Constipation is when feces are dry and hard. An intake of fiber and water can help regulate defecation again.

11. What are hemorrhoids? p. 155 Hemorrhoids are enlarged and inflamed blood vessels at the anus.