endocrine+and+Urinary+systems+BH

SCI Human Biology - 1Assigned: 10/22 Due: 10/24**Urinary System** In your words: explain the four ways the kidneys help maintain homeostasis (a stable internal environment) for the human body (pp.188-189). Define the role as stated on page 188 of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
 * Endocrine and Urinary System**

kidneys- the kidneys filter the blood and excrete the waste found in the blood with water.. (urine).

ureters- tubes or ducts that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

urinary bladder- sits on the pelvic floor. it's a muscular organ that holds urine that has been excreted from the kidneys before urination.

urethra- a tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. the urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination.

Define Diuretic and name a couple diuretics. (may need to look this up on the internet) any medicine that increases the rate at which you urinate. furoseminde- (high ceiling loop diuretics) it inhibits the bodies ability to reabsorb sodium (salt) at the ascending loop of the kidney.. this leads to a retention of water in the urine.

hydrochlorothiazide- (thiazides) they affect the distal tube lead to retention in water.

Potassium sparing diuretics- adds sodium channels in the "principal" cells of the collecting duct.

Define the role of the hormone ADH. (What does it stand for, where is it produced and what does it signal?) p. 198 On page 201 the book shows how important the kidneys are to maintain homeostasis.

Antidiuretic Hormone- (ADH) reeased by the pituiatary gland. it is made in the hypothalamus. it prevents the production of dilute urine.

First Define Homeostasis. the bodies ability to maintain a stable internal environment. Then in your words as much as possible, describe how the kidneys help maintain homeostasis in the various systems of the human body. the waste is excreted with water..as urine. this system allows for us to keep our blood as healthy as possible. With out the kidneys our blood would be full of filth and waste, which could possibly harm us. the kidneys remove waste that could potentially be harmful for us from our blood. they filter the blood so that it remains clean.

Pituitary gland (p.300-301) the pituitary gland produces the growth hormone Describe ADH and its role in the body.--> with out ADH we would not be able to urinate regualry or successfully. this hormone signals the body to mix water with the waste from our kidneys to create urine. Describe Growth Hormone and its role in the body. Describe pituitary dwarfism and acromegaly. the growth hormone signals the body to create more cells.. particularly bone cells. dwarfism is cuased by a lack of production of the growth hormone. the bones aren't told to grow.
 * Endocrine System**

acromegaly- the pituitary gland is producing to much growth hormone.

Thyroid gland (p.303): Describe these problems and possible treatments with the thyroid gland: simple goiter, congenital hypothyroidism, myxedema, expophthalmic goiter.

thyroid gland- located below the mouth. in the neck. the gland controls how quickly the body burns calories (energy) makes proteins, and how hormone affect someone. Adrenal gland (p.305) What is the role of epinephrine (adrenaline)? they are located on top of the kidneys.--> the regulate the stress response. the activate adrenaline. If you are scared your adrenal glands are pumping out signals that tell the body how to deal with the stress. (if your heart starts beating fast.. it i b/c your arenal gland is signaling it to.)