Stomach+to+Large+Intestine+WG

Stomach: J-shaped organ that lies on the left side of the body beneath the diaphragm. Rugae:deep folds that disappear as the stomach fills to an appopriate capacity of 1 liter. Gastric glands: produces gastric juice. Pepsin: an enzyme that digests protein, hydrochloric acid, and mucus. Small intestine: averages about 6m Duodenum: first part of the small intestine where chyme enters from the stomach. Bile: scretion of the liver that is temporarily stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. Lipase: fat digesting enzyme secreted by the pancreas. Villus: smaller, finger-like projection of the inner small intestinal wall. Lacteal: lymphatic vessel in an intestinal villus. Lactose intolerance: inability to digest lactose because of an enzyme deficiency.

(1) What are the functions of the stomach? It stores food, initiates the digestion of protein, and controls the movement of chyme into the small intestins. (2) What are the structures of the stomach that perform these functions and describe their role. The stomach wall has the usual four layers, but two of them are modified for particular functions. (3) What are the functions of the small intestine? Absorbes the molecules, namely sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol, which are the products of the digestive process. (4) What are the structures of the small intestine that perform these functions and describe their role? The intestinal wall is what performs the functions.

Pancreas: internal organ that produces digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon. Pancreatic amylase: enzyme in the pancreas that digests starch to maltose Trypsin: protein-digested enzyme secreted by the pancreas. Hormone: chemical signal produced by onset of cells that effects a different set of cells. Liver: organ that detoxifies the blood, and produces the plasma proteins. Galbladder: pear-shaped organ just below the liver, until it is sent via the bile ducts to the duodenum.

(5) What are the three main accessory organs that assist with the digestive process? The stomach, the pancreas, and the small intestines. Describe how each contributes to the digestion of food. The stomachs acids break down the food; the pancreas gets rid of the protein and other tings with its acids. The small intestine also breaks down fats, proteins, and carbs. (6) How are digestive secretions regulated in the body? Its regulated when the stomach produces the hormone gastrin.

Large Intestine: extends from the small intestine to the anus. Cecum: small pouch that lies below the entrance of the small intestine and is the blind end of the large intestine. Vermiform appendix: small, tubular appendage that extends outward from the cecum of the large intestine. Colon: the major portion of the large intestine, consisting of the ascending colon, the transverse colon, and descending colon.

(7) What are the different parts of the large intestine? The cecum, the colon, the rectum, and the anal canal. (8) What is the function of the large intestine? It absorbs water, which prevents dehydration in the body, and it also absorbs vitamins produced by bacteria called the intestinal flora.