Genetic+Techology+PK

__**DNA Technology Homework by Patricia Kelley Human Genome Project (p454-455)**__



(1) How many bases (base pairs) are their in the human genome? - 3 billion base pairs (2) How long did it take to determine the identity and sequence of all of the bases? - Thirteen Years (3) What as the primary source of DNA? and why? - The primary source of DNA is sperm because it has a higher ratio of DNA to protein than most other cells. (4) What is a SNP? - SNP is are single nucleotide polymorphisms (5) How many genes in the human genome? - There are 25,000 genes within a human genome. (6) What can we learn if we compare the genomes of species? - To learn how species evolved - How to locate genes related to diseases (7) How similar is the human genome to the chimpanzee genome? - They are very similar - 99% alike! (8) How similar is the human genome to the mouse genome? - They are still very similar - 88% alike!



(9) Define: transgenic organism - Transgenic organism:organisms that have had a foreign gene inserted into them (10) Describe how we can use transgenic bacteria. - We use transgenic bacteria for medice (insulin, hormones, clotting factor VII, vaccines for HepB). (11) Describe how we can use transgenic plants. - We use transgenic plants to create "superplants" that are resistant to insects and herbicides, and can be "salt-tolerant", produce hormones and increase productivity. (12) Describe how we cna use transgenic animals. - We use transgenic animals to produce larger animals and research is being done to produce an animal whose milk contains medicine and the use of organs for human organs.
 * Genetic Engineering (p460-463)**