Drew's+organic+molecules+homeowrk

Drew Rechter

organic molecules-molecule that contains carbon and hydrogen and usually associated with living things 1. What are the four classes of molecules unique to cells? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

2. What type of recation occurs during the synthesis of macromolecules? Hydrolysis reaction

2.4 Carbohydrates (p. 28-29) Define... Monosaccharide-simple sugar with low number f carbon atoms Disaccharide-two monosaccharide joined together by dehydration reaction Glucose-6 carbon sugar the body uses for immediate energy Polysaccharide-macromolecules that contain many glucose units Starch-readily stored form of glucose Glycogen-readily stored form of glucose Cellulose-Polysacharide found in plant cell walls 1. What is the usual function of carbohydrates in humans? It is used for energy

2. What is the difference between a simple carbohydrate and the various complex carbohydrates? Simple carbohydrates contain not many glucose units but complex carbohydrates have chains of sugar molecules connected together.

3. Of what benefit is fiber in our diet? It stimulates the large intestine and It helps our digestive system

2.5 Lipids 1. Define saturated fats, unstaturated fat, and trans fat. Saturated fats-acids that have no bond between the carbon atoms Unsaturated fats-acids that have a double bond in the carbon chain Trans fat-vegetable oils that are partially hydrogenated to make them semi-solid

2. What is the main function of fats and oils and what are they composed of? to store energy

3. What are the uses of phospholids and steroids in the body? they are used to make hormones

2.6 Proteins (p. 32-34) Define peptide bond, and denaturation Peptide bond-covalent bond between two amino acids Denaturation-irreversable change caused by excessive heat and ph

1. What are the major functions of proteins in an organism? Some make up hair, nails and skin. They speed chemical reactions in cells. They transport molecules

2. How does an amino acid get its name? It is in the amino group and the acid group

3. How does the shape of a protein relate to its function.