Synapses+Questions+SLS

October 14, 2008 Science-Human Bio**
 * Shelby Smith


 * Synapses (2nd assignment of CONTROL FREAK)**

They contract the muscle fibers. The sarcolemma. Botox prevents the wrinkling of the brow and skin about the eyes because it blocks the release of Ach into the synaptic cleft, and therefore muscle contraction never occurs.
 * Motor Neuron p.234**
 * What is a motor neuron?**
 * What is the name neurotransmitter released by motor neurons?**
 * How does botox prevent muscle contraction?**

Cocaine is a powerful stimulant in the CNS that interferes with the re-uptake of dopamine at synapses. The result is a rush of well-bring that lasts from 5-30 minutes.
 * Cocaine p.268**
 * What does cocaine interfere with at the synapses?**
 * What is the effect?**

Meth has a structure similar to that of dopamine, and its stimulatory effect mimics cocaine. It reverses fatigue, maintains wakefulness, and temporarily elevates the mood of the user.
 * Methamphetamine p.268**
 * What neurotransmitter does meth resemble?**
 * What is the effect?**

The resin or sap of opium poppy plant, which is grown from Turkey to Southeast Asia and in parts of Latin America. Heroin is converted into morphine, It promptly binds to opioid receptors and the result is a rush sensation and euphoric experience. They result in a rush sensation and euphoric experience. They cloud mental function.
 * Heroin p. 268**
 * Where is heroin derived?**
 * What is heroin converted to that can bind opiate receptors in the brain?**
 * What do the opiate receptors do?**

THC is the dried flowering tops, stems and leaves of the Indian Hemp plant. And it’s the resin that covers them. (tetrahydrocannabinol.) The neurontransmitter which belongs to a class called cannabinoids. THC mimics the reaction of anadamide. Receptors that bind cannabinoids are located in the hippocampus, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex, brain areas that are important for memory, orientation, balance, motor coordination, and perception. They are important because the functions that they conduct are essential to living, such as: balance, motor control and orientation and memory. It causes a mild euphoria and alteration of judgment. Distortions of space and time can also occurs as well as hallucinations, rapid flow of ideas, anxiety, depression, paranoia and body image distortions.
 * Marijuana p. 269**
 * What is THC?**
 * What is anandamide?**
 * What is the relationship between THC and anandamide and cannabinoids?**
 * Why are the receptors that bind cannabidoids important?**
 * What does smoking THC cause?**