NH+Respiratory+System+HW

Respiratory System pp.170-172
//When you breathe in air, it either goes through your nose or your mouth. It then travels through the pharynx. Then through the larynx, down the trachea (windpipe) and into the lungs.//
 * 1. In words, trace the path of air into the body.**

//To get oxygen into the blood and to cells that need it. Also, to get rid of carbon dioxide (waste product of cellular respiration).//
 * 2. What is the purpose of the respiratory system?**

//The pharynx is your throat, a passage way to the lungs. The larynx is your voice box, it connects the pharynx and trachea.//
 * 3. What is the difference between the pharynx and the larynx?**

Describe the following disorders in our words
//-nasal congestion blocks openings to sinuses. symptoms -pain in the sinuses -toothache//
 * 1. Sinusitis**

-//middle ear infection -problem in children with a nasal infection -infection spreads via the auditory tube from the nasopharynx to the middle ear symptoms -pain, fullness, hearing loss, dizziness, and fever//
 * 2. Ear infection (otitis media)**

//-when tonsils become inflamed -tonsillectomy if it occurs many times//
 * 3. Tonsilitis**

//-acute- infection of primary and secondary bronchi -nonproductive cough (no mucus comes up) turns into a cough with mucus maybe even pus -chonic- airways inflamed and filled with mucus -smoking is leading cause of chronic bronchitis//
 * 4. Bronchitis**

//-viral or bacterial infection -bronchi and alveoli get filled with thick liquid -usually a secondary infection//
 * 5. Pneumonia**

//-caused by a bacteria -when bacteria enters body, the lungs make a capsule around it (tubercle), isolating it from the rest of the body -bacteria will either die in the tubercle or get out and infect the lungs//
 * 6. tuberculosis**

//-chronic and incurable -alveoli are distended and their walls are damaged -gas exchange is reduced because the surface area available for it is reduced -less oxygen reaches the body (brain, heart, etc) -air gets trapped in the lungs and causes more damage and noticeable swelling of the chest//
 * 7. emphysema**

//-bronchi and bronchioles -wheezing, breathlessness, and cough (sometimes productive) -airways sensitive to irritants (a lot like allergies) -smooth muscle starts spasming//
 * 8. asthma**

//-more prevalent in men than women -thickening of the cells lining the bronchi -cilia are lost- dust and dirt settle in the lungs -tumor of disordered cells forms//
 * 9. lung cancer**

//-bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer//
 * 10. What three respiratory disorders are associated with smoking?**