LC-Diabetes

(1) What is a hormone? (insert an image too) A hormone is a chemical signl produced by one set of cells that affects a different set of cells.
 * 15.1 Endocrine Glands (p.296-297)**

(2) How are the nervous system and endocrine system similar? different? The nervous system and the endocrine system are similar in that they both use hormones to respond to homeostasis wreckers. However, they are different in that they send their messages in different ways. The nervous system sends messages through the nerve impulses, called axon conduction. The endocrine system sends its messages solely by hormones in the blood system. The chemical signals are carried by red blood cells to target cells.

(3) Describe insulin secretion from the pancreas. Where is it produced? When is it secreted? Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas and is secreted when the body has a high blood glucose level. The insulin then tells the liver to store glucose as glycogen, the muscle cellls store glycogen to use later for muscle, and the adipose tissue uses glucose to form fat. (4) What is the role of insulin? Insulin is used to manage homeostasis of the body's blood glucose levels. (5) What is diabetes mellitus? Diabetes Mellitus is a condition characterized by a high blood glucose level and the appearance of glucose in the urine do to a deficiency of insulin production and failure of cells to take up glucose. (6) How does a glucose tolerance test assist in the diagnosis of diabetes? This test sees how the body responds to 100 grams of glucose. If the body's levels do not eventually go down, then the body is either not producing enough insulin, or the body is not recognizing the insulin. (7) What causes diabetes type 1? Type 1 diabetes is a lack of production of insulin in the body. (8) How is diabetes type 1 controlled? Type 1 diabetes is easily controlled by an injection of insulin every day. (9) What causes diabetes type 2? Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which the cells are insulin resistant. Usually patients with type 2 are obese. (10) How is diabetes type 2 controlled? Type 2 diabetes is treated by a low-fat low-sugar diet as well as oral medication used to spark more production of insulin. (11) What are the symptoms of diabetes? Diabetics often have the following: - Frequent urination - Unusual hunger and or thirst - Unexplained change of weight - Blurred vision - Sores that do not heal - Excessive fatigue
 * 15.5 Pancreas (p.308-310)**

- Pancreas releases insulin when there is a high blood level - Carbohydrates contain sugar that will be used. bread, pasta, candy, processed foods, fruits - INSULIN: takes in sugar to be used and stored as energy and eventually fat - The insulin utilizes the sugar and stores it as glycogen - Sugar travels to all the cells of the body - Insulin is like the key that opens the protein channel. - When the protein channel open, glucose can get into the cell to the mitochondria for energy Type 1: no insulin Type 2: resistance to insulin Glucose is all in your blood: shows up in urine...YIKES Blood test High levels of glucose in the urine Urine test Frequent Urination Dehydration
 * Class Notes:**
 * Symptoms of Diabetes:**