LC-Cell+Notes

Lesson 3.1: What Is a Cell? 1. What does the Cell Theory state? - The cell theory states that cells are the basic unit of life. 2. Why are cells so tiny? - A large cell requires lots of nutrients. Tiny cells do not. As cells get larger in volume, the amount of surface area decreases. 3. How do the light microscope and electron microscopes differ from one another? - An electron microscope has higher magnification and more detailed view than the light microscope.

Lesson 6:3: White Blood Cells and Defense against disease 1. What are the different types of white blood cells? - Granular leukocytes, - neutrophils - eosinophils - basophils - Agranular leukocytes. - lymphocytes - monocytes 2. What is the structure and function of each type of white blood cell? - Neutrophils: Most abundant. Multilobed nucleus. First responders to bacterial infection. - Eosinophils: bilobed nucleus. Increase in number when there is a parasitic worm infection or allergies. - Basophils: U-shaped or lobed nucleus. AKA mast cells. Release histamine to dilate blood vessels but constricts air tubes. - Lymphocytes: second most abundant. immunity to pathogens and their toxins. - Monocytes: Largest. phagocytize pathogens, old cells, and cellular debris. 3. Name and describe three disorders of white blood cells. - Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID): body cannot fight infections because the lack of an enzyme called adenosine. - Leukemia: over production of immature white blood cells - infectious mononucleosis: mono infection of lymphocytes.

Lesson 18.1: Chromosomes and the Cell Cycle 1. What are the three stages of interphase? - G1 stage: cell doubles its organelles; S stage: DNA replication; G2 stage: cell synthesizes proteins. 2. How does interphase prepare a cell for cell division? - In interphase all of the vital components are duplicated for cell division.