Cell+Division+HW+CH

=**Cell Division**= =**SCI Human Biology - 2**= =**Assigned: 4/15 Due: 4/16**= =**Cell Division (Chapter 18)**=
 * 18.1

1. What are the three stages of interphase. Describe each phase.**
 * 1) G1-->cells double organelles and prepare for DNA replication
 * 2) S-->DNA replication, or synthesis, occurs
 * 3) G2-->Cells synthesize proteins in preparation for cell division
 * 2. How does interphase prepare a cell for cell division?**
 * Interphase gathers all the materials and sets up the cells with the necessary proteins for cell division
 * 3. Define: mitosis, sister chromatids, centromere, cytokinesis, apoptosis**
 * //Mitosis//: a type of nuclear division where each new cell contains the same number and kind of chromosomes as a former cell.
 * //Sister Chromatids//: the enlargement of a pair of chromosomes shows that in dividing cells each chromosome is composed of two identical parts
 * //Centromere//: center location that holds the chromatids together prior to its splitting in mitosis
 * //Cytokinesis//: division of cytoplasm
 * //Apoptosis:// process where the cell dies

4. Following mitosis, how does the chromosome number of the daughter cell compare with the chromosome number of the parent cell?**
 * 18.2
 * They are identical
 * 5. What are the phases of mitosis and what happens during each phase?**
 * 1) //Prophase:// chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers
 * 2) //Metaphase:// chromosomes align at center of cell
 * 3) //Anaphase:// chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell
 * 4) //Telophase:// Cells begin to form and cytokinesis occurs
 * 6. How is the cytoplasm divided between the daughter cells following mitosis?**
 * It is divided through the process of cytokinesis
 * 7. Define: parent cell, daughter cell, diploid, centrosome, mitotic spindle, centrioles.**
 * //Parent Cell//: cell that divides
 * //Daughter Cell//: new cells
 * //Diploid//: the complete number of chromosomes
 * //Centrosome//: the microtubule organizing center of cell
 * //Mitotic Spindle//: where the assembling of microtubles that make up spindle fibers
 * //Centrioles//: Short cylinders of microtubules
 * 8. What is the importance of mitosis and how is the process controlled?**
 * Mitosis is necessary because its process creates new cells
 * Hormones and other checkpoints control the process