Chromosomes+CH

=__**Human Chromosomes**__= =__**SCI Human Biology - 2**__= =__**Chapter 18.5 Chromosome Inheritance**__=


 * Changes in Chromosome Number
 * nondisjunction-both members of a homologous pair go into the same daughter cell, or when the sister chromatids fail to separate.
 * trisomy-one type of chromosomes with three copies.
 * monosomy-one type of chromosomes is present in a single copy.
 * Barr body-one of the X chromosomes becomes a darkly staining mass of chromatid.
 * Down Syndrome-trisomy 21 chromosomes.
 * Turner Syndrome-zygote with one X chromosome.
 * Klinefelter Syndrome-XXY chromosome.
 * Poly-X Females-two X chromosomes and extra Barr bodies in the nucleus.
 * Jacobs Syndrome-two Y chromosomes and one X chromosome.
 * What are the two types of chromosomes and how many of each do we have in every cell?
 * X and Y. In every cell, a female has an XX and a male has an XY.
 * Describe process that can change the normal number of chromosomes in a cell?
 * Nondisjunction can change the normal number of chromosomes in a cell due to when the homologous pair go into the same daughter cell
 * Name chromosome disorders due to an abnormal number of autosomal chromosomes.
 * Down Syndrome
 * Name chromosome disorders due to an abnormal number of sex chromosomes.
 * Klinefelter Syndrome
 * Turner Syndrome
 * Changes in Chromosome Structure
 * deletion-chromosome breaks off or two breaks of a chromosome leads to a segment
 * duplication-a chromosomal segment found multiple times in the same chromosome
 * inversion-a segment of a chromosome is turned 180 degrees
 * translocation-movement of a chromosomal segment from one chromosome to another
 * Williams syndrome-chromosome 7 loses a small piece
 * Crit du Chat syndrome-chromosome 5 loses a small piece
 * Alagille sydnrome-deletion of chromosome 20
 * Chronic myelogenous leukemia-translocation from part of chromosome 22 to chromosome 9
 * Burkett lymphoma-translocation from part of chromosome 8 to chromosome 14
 * Name chromosome deletion syndromes.
 * Down and Alagille
 * Name chromosome translocation syndromes.
 * Chronic myelogenous
 * Leukemia
 * Burkett Lymphoma.