NN+Injury+Presentation+Notes

=COMA, VEGETATIVE STATE, AND BRAIN DEAD=
 * CHRISTA LILLY
 * woke up after 6 years in a vegetative coma
 * is inexplicable as to why she woke up
 * vegetative coma
 * looks asleep
 * can't wake up, talk or respond
 * eyes may open
 * able to move body
 * heart rate blood pressure and respiration remain the same
 * pulling the tube is being questioned because people like Christa Lilly are starting to wake up
 * can survive without a machine
 * Kate's Story
 * doctors pulled the tube, but she was awake and aware of everything
 * was completely aware of everything but couldn't do anything.
 * could feel everything during the surgeries
 * brain dead
 * irreversible end of brain activity
 * machines are the only thing that keeps you alive
 * test nerve reflexes, but no true test
 * vegetative state
 * follows comas
 * either wake up or go into coma
 * in it for more than a month, you are persistent vegetative state
 * the longer you are in the state, the less likely you will wake up and may not entirely healed
 * occurs when the cerebral hemisphere is damaged
 * anything you've learned is lost
 * only have natural reflexes like breathing, eye blinking, ect.
 * causes
 * hitting the head really hard
 * not enough oxygen to the brain
 * stroke
 * THERE IS NOT TREATMENT FOR A VEGETATIVE STATE
 * must be watched all the time
 * Donald Hubert
 * firefighter who was knocked out by a collapsing ceiling
 * in a coma for two months
 * woke up then went back in to a comma for ten year
 * damage to multiple parts of the brain
 * several brain cells died from lack of oxygen
 * little movement
 * Coma
 * completely unconscious
 * no sleep cycles
 * don't respond to any stimuli
 * not aware of surroundings
 * usually in intensive care centers

=HEAD INJURIES IN IRAQ WAR=
 * over 2,100 soldiers are diagnosed with TBI and even more have not been diagnosed
 * many soldiers have to be committed to a mental hospital or commit suicide
 * Jose Santiao
 * an interview 5 hrs
 * short-term memory loss
 * long-term memory loss
 * the only part of the body a soldier leaves unprotected in uniform is the head/is least protected
 * many injuries are from parts of bombs entering the head
 * Even Mettie
 * 3 months in treatment
 * can't walk
 * $90,000 to make the house accessible for wheelchair access
 * is going to have to be taken care of for the rest of his life
 * What happens to the brain
 * more brain injuries than any other American war
 * trying to find ways to prevent brain injury but can't impair the soldiers' vision
 * TBI is from things like bombs
 * recovery time varies from person to person
 * some people never completely heal
 * over half the cases of TBI are permanent
 * memory loss
 * lose problem solving skills
 * not enough info is known on brain injuries to treat them well
 * Improvised Explosive Devices
 * IEDs
 * car bombs
 * detonate when cars past
 * can cause pressure 1000 times more than regular atmospheric pressure
 * causes massive swelling of the brain
 * Secondary Shock
 * a rush of air refills space
 * Kevlar Helmets
 * can't absorb shocks from bombs
 * Modular Integrated Communication Helmets are being designed to protect against brain injury
 * army needs to design gear to absorb blasts
 * some cars are being given absorbent pads that will absorb the shock from the blast
 * pad inserts are being put into kevlar helmets to absorb the blasts

=ATHLETIC CONCUSSIONS=
 * Zach
 * took a hit in a football game
 * went back in and collapsed, ending up paralyzed
 * can't walk or even swallow
 * Carrie
 * did a face first dive and a summer salt on the field
 * after 3 weeks went to doctor and they told her to stop playing for a while
 * has to wear a helmet from now on
 * GRADE 2 CONCUSSION
 * brief confusion
 * need an MRI
 * can be back within one week if symptom free
 * Matthew
 * crashed into the receiver
 * played in the next game
 * walked off the field and collapsed
 * died
 * GRADE 3 CONCUSSION
 * loss of consciousness
 * need to be taken to the ER
 * shouldn't play for the rest of the season
 * Questions a doctor might ask
 * when did your first headache start/last
 * how often do you get headaches
 * what part of the brain is mostly affected
 * are they associated with certain foods
 * what sports do you play
 * have you been knocked out or gone unconscious
 * tests to take
 * impact test
 * measures player's systems
 * assists in determining when an athlete can return to the game
 * different parts of your brain can result in different symptoms and impairments
 * amnesia is the most common symptom of a concussion
 * concussion prevention
 * wear a helmet
 * absorbs some of the pressure
 * try not to head the ball when it is close to you in soccer
 * avoid head to head contact
 * try not to hit your head on anything
 * wear a mouth guard
 * Second Impact Syndrome
 * where you get a second concussion after recovering from a previous concussion