DNA+questions-Faith

__**DNA Technology**__
Human Genome Project (p454-455) (1) How many bases (base pairs) are their in the human genome? (2) How long did it take to determine the identity and sequence of all of the bases? (3) What is the primary source of DNA? and why? (4) What is a SNP? (5) How many genes in the human genome? (6) What can we learn if we compare the genomes of species? (7) How similar is the human genome to the chimpanzee genome? (8) How similar is the human genome to the mouse genome?
 * 4
 * 13-years
 * sperm
 * because sperm DNA has a much higher ratio of DNA to protein than other type of cells
 * single nucleotide polymorphisms
 * 25,000
 * we are able to determine how species have evolved and how genes and noncoding regions of the genome function
 * there are three types of genes of particular interest
 * speech development, several for hearing, and several for smell
 * we are 88% alike

Genetic Engineering (p460-463) (9) Define: transgenic organism-free-living organism in the environment that has a foreign gene in its cells

(10) Describe how we can use transgenic bacteria.
 * for human growth hormones, clotting factor VIII, t-PA, and hepatitis B vaccine
 * promotes the health of plants

(11) Describe how we can use transgenic plants.
 * corn, potato,soybean, and cotton plants have been engineered to be resistant to insect predation or herbicides
 * the herbicide can be used to kill plants
 * crops with other agricultural and food quality traits

(12) Describe how we can use transgenic animals.
 * animal eggs have taken up the gene for bovine growth hormones
 * used to produce larger fish, cows, pigs, rabbits, and sheep
 * pig are bred to supply transplant organs for humans