NH+Diabetes+HW

(1) What is a hormone? (insert an image too) (2) How are the nervous system and endocrine system similar? different? (3) Describe insulin secretion from the pancreas. Where is it produced? When is it secreted? (4) What is the role of insulin? (5) What is diabetes mellitus? (6) How does a glucose tolerance test assist in the diagnosis of diabetes? (7) What causes diabetes type 1? (8) How is diabetes type 1 controlled? (9) What causes diabetes type 2? (10) How is diabetes type 2 controlled? (11) What are the symptoms of diabetes?
 * 15.1 Endocrine Glands (p.296-297)**
 * a hormone is secreted by a gland to target other cells
 * similar
 * both use chemical signals
 * differences
 * ways of transmitting the chemical signals
 * nervous system uses nerve impulses sent via neurotransmitters
 * endocrine system uses the blood system
 * 15.5 Pancreas (p.308-310)**
 * insulin is produced in the pancreatic islets. it is secreted into the blood system when the blood glucose level is high, usually after just eating.
 * it stimulates the uptake of glucose into cells
 * when liver cells, along with most body cells, can't take up glucose like they should
 * It shows whether or not the person is diabetic because if the blood sugar does decrease over a couple of hours and glucose ends up in the blood, then the person is diabetic
 * the pancreas does not produce insulin maybe due to a virus that causes cytotoxic T-cells to destroy the pancreatic islets
 * daily injections of insulin, usually a pump, and regulation of diet
 * the glucose binds to a plasma membrane, but the number of protein carriers does not increase. This is said to be insulin resistant. Type 2 is diagnosed a lot in obese people.
 * regulation of diet and exercise
 * blindness, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disorders