Skeletal+System+Questions-Faith

=**__Skeletal System__**= = =

(1) A bone is an organ composed of what types of tissues? (Be detailed, pictures nice) (2) Describe the make up of LONG bone. DESCRIBE (3) What types of cells are involved in bone growth, remodeling, and repair? DESCRIBE (4) What are two types of ossification. DESCRIBE. (5) What are the four steps required in fracture repair? DESCRIBE. (6) What are the functions of the skeleton? (7) How are joints classified? (8) Give examples of different types of synovial joints and the movements they permit.
 * spongy bone
 * various types of cartilage
 * fibrous connective tissue
 * The make up of a long bone starts with the **diaphysis** that has a big **medullary cavity** and the walls are made of compact bone and lined with the **endosteum**. The larger portion of the bone is called the **epiphysis** that is made up of spongy bone that has red blood marrow (which is where the blood cells are made). They are also coated with **articular cartilarge**. All of this is covered with connective tissue called **periosteum** which has blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.
 * **Osteoblasts** are cells that form the bone. they release organic matrix of bone and promote the deposition of calcium salts into the matrix
 * **Osteocytes** are older bone cells that come from osteoblasts and maintain the structure of the bone
 * **Osteoclasts** are bone-absorbing cells and break down bone and help with depositing calcium and phosphate in the blood
 * **Cartilage model**-chondrocytes lay down hyaline cartilage and is shaped how the bones will look like
 * **Epiphyseal plate**- a band of cartilage called a **growth plate** remains between the primary ossification center and each secondary center. limbs continue to increase in length as long as growth plates are present
 * **Hematoma**- blood escaping the ruptured blood vessels forms a mass of clotted blood in the space between the broken bones
 * **F****ibrocartilaginous callus**-tissue repair begins and a fills the space between the ends of the broken bone
 * **Bony callus**-osteoblasts produce trabeculae of spongy bone and convert the fibrocartilage callus to the callus and joins the broken bones together
 * **Remodeling**- osteoblasts build new compact bone at the periphery and osteoclasts absorb the spongy bone and creates the healed bone
 * holds are body up
 * fibrous
 * cartilaginous
 * synovial
 * **Flexion**-move legs, arms, and head back (opposite is **Extension**)
 * **Adduction**-allow body arts to move toward body (opposite is **abduction**)
 * **Rotation**-allows body parts to move around in a circle (**circumduction** allows body parts to move in a cone shaped way)