Genetic+HW+3+PK

20.2c and 20.4
 * Human Genetics 2 Homework by Patricia Kelley**



Define:

X linked recessive**: when male recieves the X-linked allele from him mother
 * carriers:** parents are carriers, because they carry the genetic disorder that they can pass on to their children
 * autosomal recessive disorder:** when both parents carry a genetic disorder, the possibility of the children having the disorder is 25%
 * autosomal dominant disorder:** when the child has two parents who are affected, but the child inherits the recessive allele (both parents have Ae, the child has ee) and is not affected
 * autosomes:** 22 pairs of the 23 pairs of chromosomes
 * sex chromosomes:** the one pair of chromosomes that differ between men (XY) and women (XX)
 * sex linked:** the traits controlled by the sex genes are sex-linked, when an allele on an X chromosome is X-linked and an allele on the Y chromosome is Y-linked
 * X linked:** the allele on the
 * X linked dominant:

//Describe diseases (You will need to know how they are inherited ie X-linked recessive or autosomal dominant. You will also need to know the gene that is mutated and what damage that causes to the body)

//


 * Tay-sachs:** auto recessive disorder that results from a lack of enzyme hecosamindase that degenerates with psychomotor functions


 * Cystic Fibrosis:** an autosomal recessive disorder thay causes an abnormally thick mucis to form in the bronchial tubes and pancreatic ducts (interferes with the function of the luns and pancreas)


 * PKU (Phenylketonuria Phenylketonuria):** an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that affects the nervous system though a lack of an enzyme needed for a regular metabolism


 * Sickle Cell Disease**: an autosomal disorder cause by an abnormal hemoglobin which causes the hemoglobin molecules to stack up and form insoluble rods and become sickle shaped - they easily clog up vessels


 * Mafan Syndrome:** : an autosomal disorder that is cause by fibrillin, a defect in elastic connective tissue which results in concave chest, long arms, dislovated lens, weak aorta wall


 * Huntington Disease**: an autosomal recessive disorder, that causes a progressive deterioration of the brain by huntington, the mutated copy of the gene for protein


 * Color blindness**: sn X-linked recessive disorder.. a red-green color blindness (sees varying colors of brown instead)


 * Muscular dystrophy**: an X-linked disorder that is characterized by the wasting away of muscle, it is caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein


 * Hemophilia**: X-linked recessive disorder, two types.. type a is due to an absence or minimal presence of a clotting factor "factor IX", type b is due to the absense of clotting factor IX... called the "bleeders disease"