Vaccine+HW+ZW

7.4 Specific Defenses (pp.130-131)

o specific defense: gets ride of disease causing antigens instead of any kind of antigen o antigen: foreign objects that are reactants with the immune system o special B cells called plasma cells: produce antigens o antibody: makes sure antigens can’t attach to cells o antibody mediated immunity: antibodies being used to get over disease
 * Define and describe

7.5 Acquired Immunity (pp.136-137)

o active immunity: when the immune system creates antibodies itself o passive immunity: • antibody injection • IgG crosses placenta • IgG and IgA are in breast milk o vaccine: gives immune system exposure to antigens for future fight against them o antibody titer: Counting the number of antibodies in a sample of plasma
 * Define and describe

How was the hepatitis B vaccine prepared? (p.136) By engineering bacteria to produce the virus.

How could a vaccine be a contraceptive (form of birth control)? (p.332) By telling the body that sperm or HCG is an antigen

How could a vaccine help fight cancer? (p.416) By giving the body a cancer cell so that it will build up an immunity against it

Is an AIDS vaccine possible? (p.351)

Due to mutations, the strains are too different within each person and worldwide. no way to know what antigens to use
 * Describe "setback" number 2.

It’s only short term protection. people would have to get booster shots
 * Describe setback number 3.