Hormones+Homework+CC

Hormones

1. Compare and Contrast the endocrine system and the nervous system. (At least three things) The Endocrine system produces hormones which then travel into the blood, and through out the body and the body reacts to the hormones. A hormone is like a chemical signal. The Nervous system acts and sends signals throughout the body because something else stimulated it, usually from outside the body. This is the different in the two systems, but the similarity between them is that they both send signals throughout the body, only for different reasons.

2. What is a steroid hormone? How does it compare to a peptide hormone? A steroid hormone combines with a receptor. The complex attaches and activates DNA, causing protein synthesis to occur. Peptide hormones on the other hand attaches to the plasma membrane, activating an enzyme cascade in the cell it is attached to.

3. Explain the role of the hypothalamus. Cells in the hypthalamus produce an antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin. These are stored in the ends of axons.

4. Explain the role of the pituitary gland (posterior and anterior). The posterior pituitary gland stores antidiuretic hormones and oxytocin until they are released. The anterior pituitary gland produces over 6 types of hormones, some of which cause other hormonal glands to secrete hormones. It also acts as a sort of portal system at times.

5. Name the endocrine glands covered in this chapter, the hormone(s) they produce, and the function of each hormone. You may want to set up a table. 1. Thyroid- produces triiodothyronine and thyrocine which help to increase ones metabolism. 2. Adrenal Glands- respond to stress - Adrenal Medulla- immediatley responds to stress and secretes epinephrine causing ones heartbeat and blood pressure to increase - Adrenal Cortex- regulates cabohydrates, protiens, and fat metabolism. 3. Pancreas- secrete the insulin and glucagon hormones. 4. testes and ovaries 5. thymus gland 6. Pineal Gland 7. Kidneys 8. Adipose tissue