DH+vaccine+homework

7.4 Specific Defenses (pp.130-131) 7.5 Acquired Immunity (pp.136-137) How was the hepatitis B vaccine prepared? (p.136) How could a vaccine be a contraceptive (form of birth control)? (p.332)
 * Define and describe
 * **specific defense** - specific defense is a defense that responds to antigens
 * **antigen** - an antigen is a molecule that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body
 * **special B cells called plasma cells** - these types of cells circulate in the blood and the lymph. Special B Cells produce plasma cells and memory cells. Plasma cells produce specific antibodies.
 * **antibody** - an antibody is a protein that is produced in response to the presence of an antigen
 * **antibody mediated immunity** - this is the defense by the B cells
 * Define and describe
 * **active immunity** - active immunity is often induced when a person is well so that future infection will not tak e place
 * **passive immunity** - passive immunity occurs when an individual is given prepared antibodies or immune cells to combat a disease.
 * **vaccine** - a vaccine is a substance that contains and antigen to which the immune system responds.
 * **antibody titer** - after a vaccine is given, it is possible to follow an immune response by determining the amount of antibody present in a sample of plasma, this is called an antibody titer.

How could a vaccine help fight cancer? (p.416) Is an AIDS vaccine possible? (p.351)
 * Describe "setback" number 2.
 * Describe setback number 3.