Specific+Immunity+WG

1. B cells and T cells have antigen receptors on their surface. What is an antigen receptor? (p. 130) An antigen receptor is plasma membrane receptor proteins whose shape allows them to combine with particular antigens. 2. If the antigen is the key, what is the lock? (p.130) If the antigen is the key, then the receptor is the lock. 3. How many types of antigen receptors does one T cell or B cell have? (p. 130) Only enough receptors for each antigen. But there is only one for every antibody. 4. How many different types of B cells and T cells do we need? Why? (p. 130) We need at least one for every antigen, because with them our immune system can fight any invader that gets inside the body. 5. How many different types of B cell and T cells do we have? (p. 130) One to fit every antigen. 6. What is the special name for the antigen receptor on a B cell? (p. 131) Its called BCR 7. If an antigen and a B-cell receptor make a lock and key match, what does the B-cell do? (p. 131) When the match is made, the B cell copies itself. 8. What does clonal expansion of the B-cells mean? When does this occur? (p. 131) It means cytokines secreted by helper T-cells stimulate B cells to clone. 9. What are plasma cells? (p. 131) they circulate in the blood and lymph. They are larger than regular B-cells because they have extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum for the mass production and secretion of antibodies to a specific antigen. 10. What is an antibody with respect to the B-cell receptor? (p.131) An antibody with respect to the B-cell receptor is a memory cell. 11. What are memory cells? (p. 131) They are ready to produce antibodies in the future. 12. Why is B-cell defense called antibody-mediated defense? (p.131) Its called that because activated B-cells become plasma cells that produce antibodies. 13. How do antibodies fight infection? (p.132) They attract the white blood cells, which move in for the kill against infection. 14. What is the name for the antigen receptor on a T-cell? (p. 134) Its called TCR 15. T cell receptors cannot recognize antigen alone, the antigen must be attached to a self-protein on a self-cell. This protein is called the... (p. 134) APC 16. If the T cell lock matches an antigen key, what happens to the T cell? (p. 134) They multiply and attack the foreign invaders, and then it restarts the process. 17. What do cytotoxic T cells do to cells that have antigens that match their T-cell receptor? (p. 135) They do clonal expansion. 18. How do helper T-cells indirectly fight disease? (p. 135) Helper T-cells fight disease by releasing cytokines, which then enhance the response of all types of immune cells.

19. Which of pertain(s) to B cells? A+B a. have specific receptors b. are responsible for antibody mediated immunity c. synthesize and liberate antibodies

20. Which of these pertain(s) to cytotoxic-T cells? C+D a. have specific receptors b. are more than one type c. are responsible for cell-mediated immunity d. stimulate antibody production by B-cells