LC-EndocrineHW

In your words: explain the four ways the kidneys help maintain homeostasis (a stable internal environment) for the human body (pp.188-189). - Kidneys excrete metabolic waste (nitrogenous) including urea, ammonium, creatinine, and uric acid. - They maintain the balance of water to salt in the blood. - as well as the balance of acid in blood. - The kidneys release renin, a hormone that goes to the adrenal gland.
 * Urinary System**

Define the role as stated on page 188 of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Kidneys are in charge of excreting waste from the body ureters are to carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder the bladder stores urine until it is ready to be passed urethra is in charge of transporting urine from the bladder out of the body Define Diuretic and name a couple diuretics. (may need to look this up on the internet) Diuretic is any kind of drug that increases the rate of urine excretion- wikipedia Examples...water, coffee, ethanol Define the role of the hormone ADH. (What does it stand for, where is it produced and what does it signal?) p. 198 ADH stands for anti diuretic hormone that is made in the pituitary and it compensates for a lack of water in the body. On page 201 the book shows how important the kidneys are to maintain homeostasis. First Define Homeostasis. The body's ability to maintain a constant safe environment within the body Then in your words as much as possible, describe how the kidneys help maintain homeostasis in the various systems of the human body. The kidneys are in charge of cleaning blood, keeping all levels of blood, as well as excreting metabolic wastes.

Pituitary gland (p.300-301) Describe ADH and its role in the body. Describe Growth Hormone and its role in the body. Describe pituitary dwarfism and acromegaly. ADH is secreted by the posterior Pituitary when the blood is too concentrated, keeping the body hydrated. The growth hormone is secreted to promote protein synthesis to make muscle and bone. It also promotes fat metabolism. Pituitary dwarfism is too little production of the growth hormone and Acromegaly is an over production of the growth hormone. Thyroid gland (p.303): Describe these problems and possible treatments with the thyroid gland: Simple goiter: an enlarged thyroid due to overstimulation by the pituitary. It can be prevented with iodized salt. Congenital hypothyroidism: the thyroid does not develop; birth defect Myxedema:hypothyroidism as an adult with symptoms of fatigue and weight gain Expophthalmic goiter: The gland is overactive and causes the eyes to protrude. The only treatment is surgery. Adrenal gland (p.305) What is the role of epinephrine (adrenaline)? Epinephrine is produces the bodily changes when a human is scared, excited, or faced with a challenging emergency situation.
 * Endocrine System**