Breathing+WG

1. Define inspiration, expiration. Inspiration is inhalation, it is the active phase of ventilation because this is the phase in which the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles contract. Expiration is exhalation, it is the passive phase of breathing, and no effort is required to bring it about. During expiration, the elastic properties of the thoracic wall and lungs cause them to recoil.

2. Where are the intercostal muscles? The intercostal muscles are found between the rib cage.

3. Where is the diaphragm muscle? The diaphragm is found under beneath the lungs.

4. The lungs are in a "sealed" off thoracic cavity. Describe this cavity. Why is it considered "sealed"? The cavity is called a rib cage, consisting of ribs joined to the vertebral column posteriorly and to the sternum anteriorly, forms the top and sides of the thoracic cavity.

5. Describe the diaphragm and intecostal muscles during inspiration. During inspiration the intecostal muscles and the diaphragm are both contracting.

6. Air does NOT force open the lungs. So why does air enter the lungs? Because the creation of the partial vaccum in the alveoli causes the air to enter the lungs.

7. Passive Recoil occurs during expiration. What does that mean? It means The lungs recoil because the surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli tends to draw them closed.

8. Why is air pushed out during expiration? The reason air is pushed during expiration is because the

9. How can you achieve maximum inspiratory effort? You can achieve maximum inspiration by doing a hard exercise of climb stairs, or get anything that makes your lungs work harder, and expand more then usual. It must involve your back, chest, and neck

10. How can you force expiration, which is usually passive? You can force expiration by singing, or lowing air into a trumpet. Expiration is usually passive.

11. Do you use your total lung capacity when you breathe? No you don’t use all your lung capacity. What do you use? We only use 500mL of air normally.

12. Why are the nasal cavities, trachea, bronchii, and bronchioles considered "dead air space"? They are called that because; they are not used for gas exchange.

13. How should you breathe to get the most fresh air to your alveoli? Why? Taking the deepest possible inhale, and then exhaling it all. I say that because, you allow more air to enter your lungs there for letting more fresh air in.