Human+Evolution+-+RJ

__22.3 Classification of Humans__ 1. How are humans classified from domain to species? 2. What are the characteristics of primates? 3. What major differences exist between the chimpanzee skeleton and the human skeleton?
 * **because of the binomial name of an organism gives its genus and species.**
 * **Organisms in the same domain have only general characteristics in common those in the same genus have quite specific characteristics**
 * **mobile forelimbs and hindlimbs**
 * **binocular vision**
 * **large, complex brain**
 * **reduced reproductive rate**
 * **human spine exits from the center and ape's exit from the rear of the skull**
 * **Human spine is S-shaped and ape's spine has a slight curve**
 * **human pelvis is bowl-shaped and ape's pelvis is longer and more narrow**
 * **Human femurs angle inward to the knees and ape's femur angle out**
 * **Human knee can support more weight than an ape's**

__22.4 Evolution of Hominids__ 4. Which fossil hominid is the oldest of the australopithecines? 5. Which hominid is the first to have culture? Explain. 6. Which hominid was the first to migrate out of Africa? 7. How might Homo habilis, living 2 MYA, have differed from the austropithecines? 8. How might Homo erectus, living about 1.9-1.6 MYA, have differed from Homo habilis? 9. What is the out-of-Africa hypothesis and what bearing does it have on the evolution of humans? 10. How do Cro-Magnons, the first of the modern humans differ from the other species in the genus Homo?
 * **Australopithecus africanus**
 * **Sahelanthropus**
 * **more powerful brain, the skull was different because of dental and facial adaption**
 * **larger brain, flatter face, nose was projected, and more musclular**
 * **H. sapiens evolved from H. erectus only in Africa and after H. sapiens migrated to Europe and Asia about 100,000 years before the present**
 * **it suggests that humans are more gentically similar**