Contraceptives+WG

1. p. 331 Define Contraceptives. They are medications and devices that reduce the chance of pregnancy. 2. p. 331 What is an oral contraceptive (birth control pill)? How do work? (Talk about he hormones.) it is also called birth control pills, and it contains a combination of estrogen and progesterone for the first 21 days, followed by seven inactive pills. 3. p. 332 What is an IUD? How does it prevent pregnancy? It is a small piece of modeled plastic that is inserted into the uterus by a physician. It prevents pregnancy by altering the environment of the uterus and oviducts so that fertilization probably will not occur. 4. Chart on p. 333. How does an Intrauterine device copper T work? It causes cervical mucus to thicken; fertilized embryo cannot implant. How effective is it? It is 99 percent effective. What are the health risks? The health risks are cramps, bleeding, infertility, and perforation of the uterus. What does perforation mean? the piercing of the uterus. 5. Chart on p. 333. How does an Intrauterine device progesterone releasing type work? It prevents ovulation; causes cervical mucus to thicken; fertilized embryo cannot implant. What does the progesterone do that the IUD copper T device can't do? It can prevent ovulation, the IUD one cant. How does progesterone do this? It is just placed in the uterus. 6. Look at the pictures on page 331. What does an IUD look like? How big is it relative to the uterus? It looks like an upright boat anchor, and it is just like a small version of the uterus if you look at it closely. 7. p. 332. What is a diaphragm? A diaphragm is a soft latex cup with a flexible rim that lodges behind the pubic bone and fits over the cervix. When is it inserted? It is inserted no more than 2 hours before sexual relations. What must you use with the diaphragm for it to be effective? You must use spermicidal jelly or cream. 8. p. 332. What is the difference between a diaphragm and a cervical cap? A diaphragm is bigger than a cervical cap. The cervical cap is like a mini version to the diaphragm. 9. Look at the pictures on page 331. What does a diaphragm look like? It looks like a really gig condom with no tip. How big is it? It is about the size of a female palm. What is being added to it in the picture? Spermicidal jelly is added to the diaphragm in the picture. 10. Chart on page 333. How do the diaphragm and cervical cap work? The diaphragm blocks the entrance of sperm into the uterus, and spermicide kills the sperm. The cervical cap blocks the entrance of sperm into the uterus and the spermicide kills the sperm. How effective are they with spermicidal? With the spermicide both the diaphragm and the cervical cap is 90% effective. What are the health risks? For both, it can cause irritation, allergic reaction, urinary tract infection, and toxic shock syndrome. What is toxic shock syndrome? (you will need to look this up on the internet) its a disease caused by a bacterial toxin. It irritates the vagina 11. Chart on p. 333. Other than abstinence, what are the only contraceptives that protect against STDS? Condoms and diapragm. Why do you think this is the case? Because they are the 12. Chart on p. 333. How effective is the male condom? It is 89% effective. Female condom? The female percentage is 79%. Why do you think one is more effective than the other? It’s harder to get a good fit with the female condom. 13. p. 332. What hormone do contraceptive implants contain? Estrogen, and progesterone. How big are the implants? The implants are the size of a capsule. Where are they located? In your arm. How long are they effective? Its effective up to three years 14. p. 332. What is injected in a contraceptive injection? A combination of estrogen, and progesterone. How long is this effective? It is effective from a range of three months to a few weeks. 15. p. 332. Some contraceptive vaccines are being developed. In this case, you would train your body's immune system to attack something. What could a contraceptive vaccine get your body's own cells to attack? It can get your own body to attack a sperm vaccine. 16. p. 332 (see picture too) What is a vasectomy? How is it done? What are the effects? 17. p. 332 (see picture too) What is a tubal ligation? It consists of cutting and sealing the oviducts. How is it done? It is a method called laparoscopy, which requires only two small incisions. What are the effects? The effects are intense pain. 18. p. 332 What is RU-486? It is a pill that is presently used to cause the loss of an implanted embryo. It works by blocking the progesterone receptor proteins of endometrial cells. How does it work? (role of progesterone) it forces a miscarriage, and your period to start even though the person might be pregnant.