19.1+Definitions+and+Questions+-+Rachel


 * Aproptosis** - Programmed cell death involving a cascade of specific cellular events leading to death and destruction of the cell.


 * Tumor** - Cells derived from a single mutated cell that has repeatedly undergone cell division; benign tumors remain at the sit of orgin, and malignant tumors metastasize.


 * Carcinogenesis** - Development of cancer


 * Angiogenesis** - Formation of new blood vessels; one mechanism by which cancer spreads.


 * Metastasis** - Spread of cancer from the place of origin throughout the body; caused by the baility of cancer cells to migrate and invade tissues.


 * Oncogenes** - Cancer causing gene.


 * Growth Factor** - Chemical signal that regulates mitosis and differentiation of cells that have receptors for it; important in such processes as fetal development, tissue maintenance and repair, and hematopoiesis; sometimes a contributing factor in cancer.


 * Cyclin** - Protien that regularly increases and decreases in concentration during the cell cycle.

Oncologist: N. - Physicians who specializes in one or more types of cancer.
 * Oncology** - The study of cancer.


 * Carcinomas** - Cancer arising in epithelial tissue.


 * Sarcomas** - Cancer that arises in muslces and connective tissues.


 * Leukemias** - Cancer of the blood-forming tissues leading to the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.

//1. What characteristics of cancer cells allow them to grow uncontrollably?// In cancer cells the gene code for telomerase is continuously rebuiling, causing the telomeres to remain at a constant length and keep dividing.

//2. Mutations in what two types of genes lead to uncontrollable growth?// Proto-oncogenes and Tumor suppressor genes

//3. What are the most common types of cancer?// Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer for both men and women. Specifically in men the most common types of cancer, after lung and bronchus are colon and rectum, prostate, and pancreas; in women, after lung and bronchus are breat, colon and rectum, and pancreas.