Specific+Immune+JO

Specific Immunity

1. B cells and T cells have antigen receptors on their surface. What is an antigen receptor? (p. 130) the antigen receptor matches one antigen and once the connection is made the cell goes through clonal expansion in order to make enough of itself to help get rid of the foreign substance. 2. If the antigen is the key, what is the lock? (p.130) the antigen receptor is the lock. 3. How many types of antigen receptors does one T cell or B cell have? (p. 130) There are enough receptors to fit every antigen. but... only one receptor per antibody 4. How many different types of B cells and T cells do we need? Why? (p. 130) we need one for every antigen because with them we can protect ourself against foreign invaders. 5. How many different types of B cell and T cells do we have? (p. 130) one that will fit every antigen 6. What is the special name for the antigen receptor on a B cell? (p. 131) BCR 7. If an antigen and a B-cell receptor make a lock and key match, what does the B-cell do? (p. 131) it goes through clonal expansion... replicates itself to fight off invaders. 8. What does clonal expansion of the B-cells mean? When does this occur? (p. 131) it means the cell is going through mass replication and it occurs after a lock and key match. 9. What are plasma cells? (p. 131) they are larger then B cells because they are more prepared for the production of antibodies. 10. What is an antibody with respect to the B-cell receptor? (p.131) 11. What are memory cells? (p. 131) they are cells that remember the antibody antigen connection made so that in the future it can be remembered and reused. *so the cells can react faster to the invader. 12. Why is B-cell defense called antibody mediated defense? (p.131) because activated B cells become plasma cells that produce antibodies. 13. How do antibodies fight infection? (p.132) they are like tags for white blood cells to know that the foreign invaders can and should be eaten. 14. What is the name for the antigen receptor on a T-cell? (p. 134) TCR 15. T cell receptors cannot recognize antigen alone, the antigen must be attached to a self protein on a self cell. This protein is called the... (p. 134) HLA (human leukocyte antigens. 16. If the T cell lock matches an antigen key, what happens to the T cell? (p. 134) also goes through clonal expansion 17. What do cytotoxic T cells do to cells that have antigens that match their T-cell receptor? (p. 135) basically sticks holes on the antigens. 18. How do helper T-cells indirectly fight disease? (p. 135) regulate immunity by releasing cytokines. chemicals that enhance the immune response. 19. Which of pertain(s) to B cells? a. have specific receptors b. are responsible for antibody mediated immunity c. synthesize and liberate antibodies

20. Which of these pertain(s) to cytotoxic-T cells? a. have specific receptors b. are more than one type c. are responsible for cell-mediated immunity d. stimulate antibody production by B-cells