Digestive+system+EP

1. Name and describe the processes that occur during the digestive process.
 * Digestive System Book Homework (p.144-155)**
 * Ingestion occurs in the mouth. it also deals with with our diet and health to help us live longer.
 * Digestion can be mechanical or chemical. it happens once in the mouth then all the way to the stomach so that the enzymes we produce are able to digest the food.
 * Movement is important along the digestie tract.
 * Absorption deals with the nutrients during digestion so that the cells will have enough nutrients to get across through the blood.
 * Elimination means that some molecules cannot be digested and therefore formed into waste through the anus.

2. What are the four layers of the GI tract? Associate an illness with each of the layers. (Describe the Illness)
 * Mucosa- Diverticulosis is when the mucosa has pushed through the layers and fomrs pouches that can become infected of inflamed.
 * Submucosa- inflammatory bowel disease can casue diarrhea, fever and weight loss caused by sybmucosa blood cellsbecoming inflammed.
 * Muscularis- Irritable bowel syndrome is caused when the muscularis is causing the wall to have contractions permiting abdominal pain.
 * Serosa- Serosa is a secrete fluid that helps the appendix from getting inflamed, but if it were to get inflamed then it wuld need to be removed.

3. Describe the mechanical digestion and the chemical digestion that occurs in the mouth.
 * mechanical digestion starts in the mouth with chewing and continues with churning and mixing into the stomach.
 * chemical digestion is when we swallow the food and the carohydrates and fats are absorbed and used by the cells.

4. What ordinarily prevents food from entering the nose or entering the trachea when you swallow? 5. What are the function of the stomach, and how is the wall of the stomach modified to perform these functions?
 * the epiglottis which is attached to the end of the tongue.
 * The stomach stores food, initiates the digestion of protien, and controls the movement of chyme into the small intestine. the wall contains fur layers but two have main jobs. the oblique layer breaks down food and the muscularis contains three layers of smoth muscle. the other tw layers are circular and longitudinal layers.

6. What are the functions of the small intestine and how is the wall of the small intestine modified to perform these functions?
 * The small intestine contains emzymes that digests al kinds of foods. the wall of the small intestine absorbs molecules such as sugars, amino and fatty acids, and glycerol.

7. What are the three main accessory organs that assist with the digestive process? 8. How does each accessory organ contribute to the digestion of food?
 * Liver
 * Gallbladder
 * Pancreas
 * Liver
 * Gallbladder is where the bile and sent to the duodenum.
 * Pancreas makes pancreatic juices and hormones which are enymes used to help digest the food.

9. What are the different parts of the large intestine?
 * cecum
 * ascending colon
 * tranverse colon
 * descending colon
 * sigmoid colon
 * rectum
 * anal canal
 * anus

10. What are the functions of the large intestine? The large intestine absorbs water so that we dont get dehydrated. it absorbs minerals produced by bacteria.