Inner+Fish+Questionnaire+JO

(**1) Describe at least three important PHYSICAL traits in humans that were found in fish first.** 	Three important traits that were founded by fish would be the head and skull, formed by fused teeth, pairing of appendages, like fins on either side of the body, and also pairing of the senses like eyes and nostrils. Also the cranial nerves which formed our jaws, were found in the arch of fish gills. //centralized brain//

The term “babysitter” comes to mind, but its more difficult then that. They found a way of payment for the “helpers”. They provide safety and if the helpers aren’t doing what is asked they are expelled or fired, in a sense. It’s a simpler form of social class. //cooperation//
 * (2) Describe a SOCIAL trait in humans that was found in fish first**.

Colorful freshwater fish of lake Tanganyika are the African Cichlid. The social behavior of dominance over one another and seperation of jobs, in order to work together for one goal. The working class in a sense. We have the dominant “royal” pair and the unrelated helpers. (look at above) //Live in groups and a life partner... dominance//
 * (3) What is an African cichlid and what behavior do they have that resembles social behavior in humans. Describe.**

Its interesting because the whole purpose is to reproduce. Its odd to see an animal living longer then their reproduction cycle. This could have also evolved into menopause in women today. //Help raise young and relatives.//
 * (4) Why is it interesting that femaie guppies may go through menopause?**

Skin pigmentation was found to shift in both humans and fish during migration.
 * (5) Which genes in humans shifted color during migration from one part of the world to another and also shift in color in fish?**

The significance is the fact that this might prove evolution, through spinal chords starting 550 million years ago leading and mutating/ evolving into humans today. Our entire social habits and physical appearance could be due to fish. Not to mention walking and appendages, 365 million years ago a push up was invented, thanks a lot fish. //heads, social habits..."we all come from worms"//
 * (6) What is the significance to human biology that fish are the oldest group of vertebrates?**

The skull and teeth are the traits gained from out fishy friends. Little big had no defense again big fish so why not grow teeth to fight them off or even eat them. But what is a good defensive offense without a strong defense. These teeth fused together to create our skull today.
 * (7) Competition and predation among fish species led to the evolution of two important physical traits found in humans. What are these two traits and how did competition and predation spur their evolution?**

(8) What is unusual about the Tiktaalik?** What is unusual is that it had a flat head common in early land mammals and a neck. As well as arm bones like the humurus and elbow and forearm all the way to 4 of the 8 bones in our wrists. //wrist and palms... the push up fish//
 * Regarding the NPR interview with the author of Your Inner Fish, Neil Shubin

(**9) What bones in the "arm" of a Tiktaalik are also found in human arms?** Humurus, bones of the elbow, forearm (radius and ulna) 4 of the 8 wrist bones…

Closing of the glottis when breathing suddenly caused by an irritation. This was found in both air and water breathing animals like frogs and tadpoles. Tadpole being a form of an evolved fish. //form of breathing at one point//
 * (10) Explain why a hiccup be a relic of our fish ancestors?**