Chap+7+review+JO

Chapter 7 Immune System Review

Write the question and your answer p. 141 #1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 1. describe the basic characteristics of bacteria. Explain how five particular features contribute to the ability of bacteria to cause disease. (pg 122-23) single celled procaryotes, dont have a necleus. bacillus- rod shape, coccus- spherical, spirilum- curved. they have cell walls. (antibiotics interfere with the production of the cell wall.) either sticky or have flagellum-for travel. bacteria causes disease and also release molecules called toxins. 2. What is the structure of a virus? Is a virus living? Explain how a virus is able to reproduce. (pg 123) bridge the gap between living and nonliving. they take over cells, hijack them, and thats when they seem to be alive... outside the cell they are just chemicals. 3. What are some ways that can explain the emergence of new viral disease? (pg 124) 4. What are prions, and how do they cause disease? (pg 124) 7. How do nonspecific defenses differ from specific defenses? (pg 128-130) 8. What is the first line of defense? Describe several methods of protection. (pg 128) 9. What is the second line of defense? Describe the various cells and chemicals and their roles in protecting the body/ What are the four signs of inflammation, and what causes them? (pg 129) 10. What two types of cells are involved in providing specific defenses against pathogens? What type of immunity does each provide? (pg 130-35) 11. What is the clonal selection model as it applies to B cells? What becomes of the clones that are produced? (pg 131) 12. Describe the structure of an antibody. What are the five main classes, where are they found, and what are their functions? (pg 132) 13. Explain how T cells recognize an antigen. What are the types of T cells, and how do they function in immunity? (pg 134-35) 14. How is active immunity achieved? How is passive immunity achieved? (pg 136-38) 16. Discuss allergies, tissue rejection, and autoimmune diseases as they relate to the immune system. (pg 138-39)