Skeletal+System+CC

__**Skeletal System**__


(1) A bone is an organ composed of what types of tissues? (Be detailed, pictures nice) - A bone is composed of bone tissues and cartilage. Ligaments connect bones at joints.

(2) Describe the make up of LONG bone. DESCRIBE - A long bone is covered by hyaline cartilage at the ends. Periosteum covers the rest of the bone. There is spongy bone, which contains bone marrow, in the epiphyses. Yellow bone marrow is in the medullary cavity of the diaphysis. Finally, the compact bone makes up the wall of the diaphysis.

(3) What types of cells are involved in bone growth, remodeling, and repair? DESCRIBE - Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. the first are bone forming cells. The second are just mature bone cells. And the last breaks down and absorb the bone.

(4) What are two types of ossification. DESCRIBE. -Intramembranous ossification is when bones develop between sheets of fibrous connective tissue. For example, flat bones, and bones of the skull. Endochondral ossification is the cartilageinous models of the bones are replaced by calcified bone matrix.

(5) What are the four steps required in fracture repair? DESCRIBE. 1. Hemotoma formation 2. fibrocartilaginous callus 3. bony callus 4. remodeling

(6) What are the functions of the skeleton? - protect organs of the body - supports the body - produces blood cells -stores minerals and fat - permits flexible body movement (7) How are joints classified? Fibrous joints are immovable. Catilaginous joints are slightly more movable. Synovial joints are freely mov able. (8) Give examples of different types of synovial joints and the movements they permit. - Flexibility - the ball and socket joints, such as in the hips and shoulders allow all kinds of movement, including rotational movement. Synovial joints are also called hinge joints, because they are like hinges. The permit movement in mainly just one direction. -flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation, circumduction, inversion, eversion.