Cell+Division+-+RJ

= = 1. What are the three stages of interphase. Describe each phase. 2. How does interphase prepare a cell for cell division? 3. Define: mitosis, sister chromatids, centromere, cytokinesis, apoptosis
 * **G1-cell growth, duplication of organelles, preparation for DNA replication**
 * **Synthesis-DNA replication for each chromosome/ chromosomes are copied**
 * **G2-cell growth, duplication of organelles, and preparation for cell division**
 * **it creates the nucleus so the other 5 cycles can begin**
 * **mitosis-the duplicated chromosomes are separated into 2 separate cells**
 * **sister chromatids-identical copies of the chromosome**
 * **centromere- is in the middle of the chromosome and involved in cell division**
 * **cytokinesis-a cleavage forms in the center of the cell and creates 2 different cells and is the last stage of mitosis**
 * **apoptosis-a form of cell death in multicellular organisms**

4. Following mitosis, how does the chromosome number of the daughter cell compare with the chromosome number of the parent cell? 5. What are the phases of mitosis and what happens during each phase? 6. How is the cytoplasm divided between the daughter cells following mitosis? 7. Define: parent cell, daughter cell, diploid, centrosome, mitotic spindle, centrioles. 8. What is the importance of mitosis and how is the process controlled?
 * **the parent cell has only two chromosomes but the daughter cells has 4 chromosomes**
 * **prophase-the nucleus dissolves and the chromosome begins to appear and spindles from between the pole and attach together**
 * **metaphase-chromosomes attach to the spindle and line up at the center of the spindle**
 * **anaphase- the chromosomes separate to opposite sides of the cell and the spindles get shorter because they are pulling the chromosomes apart**
 * **telophase-chromosomes reach pole of the cell and begin to disappear and a nucleus begins to form around it**
 * **cytokinesis- a cleavage forms in the center of the cells and creates two different cells**
 * **parent cell-the starting cell and divides to eventually create the daughter cells**
 * **daughter cell- the cells that are created at the end of mitosis**
 * **diploid- have two homologous copies of each chromosome (one from mother and one from father) have 46 chromosomes**
 * **centrosome-help to build the mitotic spindle**
 * **mitotic spindle-help to separate the chromosomes into daughter cells during mitosis**
 * **centrioles-**