SLICEchapter+3+homework

1. What does the cell theory state? It says that a cell is the basic unit of life 2. Why are cells so tiny? Cells are so tiny because the surface area has to do with how much waste can get out. So the bigger the cell the smaller it can be because all the waste gets in and out easier 3. What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell? A nucleus, a plasma membrane, cytoplasm 4. Explain how the eukaryotic cell gained mitochondria and chloroplasts. By engulfing Prokaryotic cells 5. What are glycoproteins, and what functions do proteins, including glycoproteins, have in the plasma membrane? The proteins are embedded in the plasma membrane. The proteins are the things that change the shape and position of the pholspholipid bilayer. 6. What is endocytosis and exocytosis, and how do they occur? Endocytosis is when the plasma membrane invaginates substances and exocytosis is when it lets it back out. 7. The nucleus, ribosomes, and rough endoplasmic reticulum make what contribution to protein synthesis? Nucleus stores DNA, ribosomes synthesis proteins, and the rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins too. 8. The endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus make what contribution to the processing of proteins? The ER forms transport vesicles in which large molecules are transported to other parts of the cell. The Golgi apparatus modifies Proteins and lipids 9. What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes? The ER synthesizes phospholipids, it also makes testosterone in the the testes and detoxifies drugs In the liver. Lysosomes are membranous sacs produced by the golgi appartatus contain hydrolytic enzymes. Lysosomes are found in all cells of the boy but are particularly numerous in white blood cells that engulf disease-causing microbes. 10. What is the function of the mitochondria? Converts the chemical enery of glucose into the chemical energy of ATP