Emma-Is+Fat+Good?

Fat is doing us a favor...You may need to look up some of the answers on the internet or your book. (1) Liposuction suctions out adipose tissue. What is adipose tissue? -adipose tissue is fat or connective tissue (2) Define epidemic. -affecting or tending to affect a disproportionately large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time (3) Define obesity. -**Obesity** is a condition in which the natural energy reserve, stored in the fatty tissue of n humans and other mammals, increased to a point where it is associated with certain health conditions or increased mortality. __(4) How could we have an obesity epidemic?__ - Because people around the world are gaining unhealthy amounts of weight. (5) What are the main obesity related illnesses? - type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke (6) How does the liver protect the body from alcohol? -the liver breaks down alcohol and detoxifies it (7) Where does excess energy go? -energy goes into the fat cells and the adipose tissue (8) Why do we have so much excess energy in our diet? - Because we eat too many calories (9) If we didn't have adipose tissue where could we put the excess energy? Is this OK? -we would put it in the liver... which is really bad! the liver would then cause extreme liver swelling, liver failure and sometimes liver-bearer death (9) Humans have much more body fat than our closest relatives the chimpanzees. What is a possible evolutionary reason for this? - Because humans have a larger brain than chimpanzees, we evolved to hold more fat so that our brains will always "be fed" even if there is no food. (10) Adipocytes (Fat cells) are filled with fat called triglycerides. Describe the triglyceride structure and why it contains so much energy. -triglycerides are greasy lipids that are made up of three fatty acid chains of mostly carbons and hydrogens arranged in high-energy configurations. This structure contains so much energy because "every fatty acid trio is tacked to a sugar-sweet glycerol frame." (11) What happens to adipocytes when we gain weight? (a lot of weight) - the absorb energy-rich lipids and divide to create more. (12) Adipose tissue can be an endocrine gland too. Which hormone do adipocytes release, and how does this signal the body that it is time for puberty? - the adipocytes release leptin which signals the brain to set the pulsing axis of gonadal hormones in motion.