Senses+WG

14.1 Define sensory receptors. Sensory receptors are dendrites specialized to detect certain types of stimuli (sing., stimulus). Give examples of exteroceptors. Examples of exteroceptors are that they are sensory receptors that detect stimuli from outside the body. They result in taste, smell, vision, hearing, and equilibrium. Exteroceptors such of those in the eyes and ears are not directly involved in homeostasis and continually send messages to the central nervous system regarding environmental conditions. Give examples of interoceptors. Interoceptors receive stimuli from inside the body. They are directly involved in homeostasis and are regulated by a negative feedback mechanism. An example is when blood pressure rises, pressoreceptors signal a regulator center in the brain, which sends out nerve impulses to the arterial walls, causing them to relax; the blood pressure then falls. Which type of receptors only detect information and send information to the brain but do not regulate the body's homeostasis. Exteroceptors detect information, but does not regulate the body’s homeostasis. Describe (in detail) and give examples of each of the following receptor types...(274) Chemoreceptors: They respond to chemical substances in the immediate vicinity. Taste and smell, which detect external stimuli, utilize chemoreceptors; but so do various other organs that are sensitive to internal stimuli. Pain receptors: A type of chemoreceptor. An example of one is, it’s a respondent to chemicals released by damaged tissues. Without the pain of appendicitis, we might never seek the medical help needed to avoid a ruptured appendix. Pain receptors are protective because they alert us to possible danger. Photoreceptors: They respond to light energy. Our eyes contain photoreceptors that are sensitive to light rays and thereby provide us with a sense of vision. An example of one is, it’s a stimulation of the photoreceptors known as rod cells results in black-and-white vision, while stimulation of the photoreceptors known as cone cells results in color vision. Mechanoreceptors: They are stimulates by mechanical forces, which most often result in pressure of some sort. For example, when we hear, airborne sound waves are converted to fluid-borne pressure waves that can be detected by mechanoreceptors in the inner ear. They also respond the fluid-borne pressure waves when we detect changes in gravity and motions, helping us keep our balance. Thermoreceptors: They are located in the hypothalamus and skin is stimulated by changes in temperature. An example is the heat of the sun, would have to activate the moreceptors of the boys, and the rise in their body temperature would most likely have had them seeking some shade. Explain in a five-point paragraph the sense of taste (278), smell (278) or vision (280). I choose smell Approximately 80 to 90 percent of what we perceive as taste actually is due to smell. Our sense of smell depends on between 10 to 20 million olfactory cells located within the roof of the nasal cavity. Olfactory cells are modified neurons. Each cell ends in a tuft of about five olfactory cilia, which bear receptor proteins for odor molecules.