Sections+2.4,+2.5,+&+2.6-CMP


 * Sections 2.4, 2.5, and 2.6**

1. What is the usual function of various carbohydrates in humans? Short-term energy

2. What is the difference between a simple carbohydrate and a complex carbohydrate? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES Simple Carbohydrate: Sugar, Pentose 5 and Hexose 6

Complex Carbohydrate: Starchy foods and Polysaccharides

3. What is starch? What is the source of starch? A readily stored form of glucose in animals and plants

4. What is "fiber" and of what benefit is it in the diet? Fiber is a non-digestible carbohydrates derived from plants and grains that can help prevent heart disease and cancer.

5. Why does low-carb dieting work sometimes? But what are the risks? It doesn't work all the time because carbohydrates give you energy.

6. What is the function of fats and oils? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES Fats: (lard and butter) they come from animals and are solids Oils: (corn oil) they are liquids

7. What are fats and oils composed of? they are composed of butter and lard and corn oil.

8. What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated fat? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES in saturated fat, there are no double bonds between carbon atoms. they are also associated with cardiovascular disease. in unsaturated fats, there are double bonds where the hydrogen is less than two per carbon.

9. What are the uses of phospholipids in the body? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES phospholipids contain phosphates and nitrogen. they are constructed like fats and are the head of a molecule.

10. What are the uses of steroids in the body? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES they are lipids and are made like cholesterol.

11. Why do we need fat in our diet? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES it gives us energy and it needed for the body to complete its normal functions.

12. What are the major functions of proteins in organisms? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES Support: protein is released from the body into the form of hair, skin and nails Enzymes: speed chemical reactions in cells Transport: carry proteins in plasma membrane Defense: antibodies form with antigens to prevent antigens from destroying cells and messing upsetting homeostasis Hormones: regulatory proteins; messengers that influence metabolism Motion: move and cause muscle contraction

13. What is the subunit of a protein? How do they get their name? proteins are amino acid subunits. the name is from NH2 (amino group) and COOH (acid group).

14. How does the shape of a protein relate to its function? DESCRIBE EXAMPLES it changes in shape (called denaturation), where the normal bonding between the R group has been distributed.