Hormone+Notes



__Hormone Notes__

 * 2 kinds:
 * Steroid
 * made of fat
 * actually go through cell membrane
 * Peptide
 * cannot get through cell membrane
 * receptors have to be on the surface
 * Slower than nerves:
 * Go through blood
 * Estrogen, testosterone, melatonin


 * How does a hormone work?
 * [[image:g2241hormones.jpeg]]


 * Hormone and organ links
 * Adrenal gland-Adrenaline
 * Pancreas-Insulin
 * Ovaries-Estrogen
 * Testes-Testosterone
 * Target Cells:
 * For adrenaline
 * Heart
 * Brain
 * Skin
 * For insulin
 * Muscles
 * For estrogen
 * Breast

Study: "Drug Can Curb Breast Cancer Recurrence"

 * Estrogen blocker: letrozole
 * New development and works much better


 * What is diabetes?
 * Diabetes (Urine) Mellitus (Sweet)
 * Related to insulin
 * Insulin-a hormone secreted by the pancreas
 * Body needs to convert food into energy
 * Type 1 diabetes-5-10%
 * No insulin (no key)
 * insulin injections for the rest of your life
 * mostly found in children
 * Type 2 diabetes-90-95%
 * Adult
 * Overweight
 * Treatment: diet, exercise
 * Insulin receptor cannot make connection/receive insulin (insulin resistance)
 * problem is with receptor
 * Symptoms:
 * high blood sugar (hyperglycemia)
 * Urinate a lot-due to hyperglycemia
 * high blood sugar causes kidneys to put excess sugar in the urine
 * also water from blood enters urine to dilute urine
 * Thirsty-due to extra urination
 * Vision affected
 * tired
 * Related Health Problems
 * Vision problems
 * kidney disease-high blood sugar damages blood vessels in kidneys
 * foot problems-high blood sugar damages nerves and blood vessels in legs and feet
 * heart disease, including heart attack-change substances in blood causing narrowing or clotting of blood vessels
 * strokes-same reasoning as heart