MA+Hormone+Notes

March 11, 2008


 * Two kinds of hormones
 * Steroids/Peptides..
 * steroid: lippy(fat)
 * Peptide: protein
 * Slower than nerves because they go through the blood
 * some hormones
 * estrogen
 * testosterone
 * melatonin
 * How a hormone works:
 * 1) A secreting cell secretes hormone into a blood vessel
 * Hormone travels through the blood unto the entire body
 * Hormone will end up everywhere once in the blood
 * Hormones go by every cell in your body
 * The Target Cell: have special proteins called receptors
 * Receptor: receives the hormone because the hormone is like a key and the receptor is the lock
 * Secreting cells are found in glands that are throughout the body
 * Major Glands
 * thyroid
 * pancreas:insulin
 * peneal
 * adrenal: secretes adrenaline
 * ovaries: estrogen
 * testes: testosterone
 * thymus
 * thymus


 * Where are Target Cells:
 * Adrenaline: heart cells, brain, skin,
 * insulin: muscle cells
 * estrogen: breasts(blocking estrogen receptors can prevent cancer

Study: Drug Can Curb Breast Cancer Recurence
 * letrozole is an estrogen receptor blocker
 * After five years women who had been taken the estrogen blocking drug had much improvement
 * Starting the medication late reduces occurrences in breast cancer
 * The medication is 300 dollars a month
 * may prevent people from having babies(brings on metapause) but it is okay to wait to take it later on and it is just as effective

Insulin and Diabetes:

What is Diabetes:
 * Body does not produce or properly use insulin...
 * Insulin is a hormone, secreted by the pancreas that converts food you eat into energy
 * Type 1 diabetes is when the body does not make insulin(no key)-get when you are a child and fix with insulin injections
 * Type 2 diabetes is when there is no receptor and this is 90-95% of diabetes cases...may get when overweight