Cell+Cycle+Nawtes+PK

Cell Cycle Homework by Patricia Kelley

1. What are the three stages of interphase. Describe each.
 * G1 Stage: The cell doubles its organelles and it collects the materials needed for synthesis of the DNA.
 * S Stage: DNA replication occurs. The strands of replicated DNA are called sister chromatids/
 * G2 Stage: The cell synthesizes the proteins (such as the protein in microtubules) needed for cell division



2. How does interphase prpare a cell for cell division?
 * The cell prepares through gaining proteins and duplicating it's DNA.

Define.....
 * 1) Mitosis: a type of nuclear division in which each new cell contains the same amount and chromosome type as the parent cells.
 * 2) Sister chromatids: a DNA double helix molecule
 * 3) Cytokinesis: a type of cytoplasmia
 * 4) Centromere: the place where sister chromatids are connected

4. How does the chromosome number of the daughter cell compare with the chromosome number of the parent cell?
 * The parent cell divides into the daughter cells. hey are genetically identical



5. What are the phases of mitosis and what happens during each phase?
 * Early Prophase:
 * centrosomes are duplicated, chromatic condense into chromoromesthe nuclear envelope fragme
 * Prophase
 * Nucleolus disappears, duplicated chromosomes are visible
 * Early Metaphase
 * each chromatic attaches to a spindle fiber
 * Anaphase
 * Sister chromatids part and become daughter chromosomes that move toward the spindle poles
 * Telophase
 * Daughter cells form, nucleoli reappear, chromosomes are not visible

6. How is the cytoplasm divided between the daughter cells following mitosis? - The cytoplasm is divided between the daughther cells during cytkinesis.

7. Define... centrioles: short cylinders of microtubules that are present in centrosome
 * Parent cell: The cell that divides.
 * Daughter cell: the new cell
 * Diploid: the complete number of chromosomes
 * Centrosome: the microtubule organzing the center of the cell
 * Mitotic Spindle: the location where they assemble the spindle fibers

8. What is the importance of mitosis and how is the process controlled?
 * The importance of mitosis is that it creates new cells. It is controlled by apoptosis (the suicide switch).