MA+Blood+HW

Blood (Chapter 6 of new book)

(1) What are the functions of blood, and what are its two main portions?
 * Transport:

Defense:
 * Oxygen from the lungs to the body
 * Delivers nutrients to tissues
 * Carries away waste like carbon dioxide
 * Carries hormones from one organ or tissue to another
 * Defends the body and fights poathogens in the body
 * Keeps the temperature of the body normal
 * Water-salt balance
 * controls ph levels

(2) What is the composition of plasma and what are the functions of plasma proteins?
 * 91% is water
 * 9% salts
 * plasma proteins:
 * release and take hydrogen ions(keep ph normal)
 * create osmotic gradient b/w blood and tissue

(3) What substances allow red blood cells (RBCs) to transport oxygen? (4) Why do RBCs have a bioconcave shape? (5) Name and describe three disorders associated with RBCs. (6) What are the different blood types and what determines blood type? (7) Among the ABO types of blood, who can give blood to whom? Why? Type A needs to share with type A and type B needs to share with type B. Type O can share with both. If blood with certain antigens combine with the wrong blood it causes agglutination. (8) When does hemolytic disease in a newborn occur? When a mother is RH- and the father ir Rh+ a child can then be RH+ because the Rh+ can cross into the placenta into the mothers bloodstream and into the babies blood and destroy the babies red blood cells. (9) Tell how the functions of the cardiovascular system contribute to homeostasis? The heart pumps the blood in result allowing the blood to carry nutrients, hormones, or waste through the body. (10) In what way does the liver contribute to the functioning of the cardiovascular system? The liver produces plasma proteins and detoxifies the blood.
 * hemoglobin
 * b/c they lose their nucleus when they mature
 * 1) anemia: not enough RBCs or not enough hemoglebin(this makes them tired)
 * 2) sickle-cell disease: sickle-shaped red blood cells that rapture when they pass through capillaries
 * 3) hemolytic disease of a newborn: hemolysis in a newborn
 * RH: No antibodies to the rh factor
 * ABO Blood groups:
 * type A blood has anti-B antibodies
 * type B blood has anti-A antibodies
 * type O blood has anti-A antibodies and anti-B antibodies