Reproductive+System-RJ

__Reproductive System__

Male Reproductive hormones: Testosterone made in the testes which are in the scrotum. Testes cells have testosterone receptors. The male starts making testosterone during puberty. Male keeps making testosterone until he dies. The signal is to make sperm. That signal is a daily signal.

Female Reproductive hormones: Estrogen is made in the ovaries. Ovary has estrogen receptors. The signal is to mature an egg. estrogen is not released until puberty and stops at menopause. 2 weeks out of every menstrual cycle estrogen is released by the ovary. Progesterone is made in the ovaries also but it is made by the empty egg sack. Progesterone is made from puberty until menopause. Progesterone is released the lat 2 weeks of the menstrual cycle. Porgesterone receptors are found in the womb (uterus) and keeps the lining of the uterus thick.

Questions: Reproduction.

(1) When is an individual capable of producing children? • After puberty is fully completed (2) Where are sperm produced? • In the testes (3) Where are eggs produced? • Ovaries (4) How many chromosomes does the mother contribute via the egg to the new individual? • 23 (5) How many chromosomes does the father contributed via the sperm to the new individual? • 23 (6) What male structures are involved in the making of seminal fluid? • The prostate and bolbourethral glands (7) Describe the cells and structures involved in making mature sperm. • Sertoli cells (8) Which hormones control the male reproductive cycle? Describe the function of each. • GnRH-Stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete the gonadotropic hormones. o FSH hormone- promotes the production of sperm in the seminiferous tubules. o LH hormone- controls the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells • Testosterone- o Main sex hormone o Essential for the normal development and functioning of the organs o Brings about and maintains the male secondary sex characteristics that develop and the time of puberty. (9) Describe the function of the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, and vagina. • Ovaries- o Produce eggs and sex hormones • Oviducts- o Conduct eggs; location of fertilization • Uterus- o Houses developing fetus • Cervix- o Contains opening to uterus • Vagina- o Receives penis during sexual intercourse; serves as a birth canal and as an exit for menstrual flow. (10) Which hormones control the female reproductive cycle? Describe the function of each. • GnRH-Stimulates the anterior pituitary to produce the FSH and LH o FSH and LH hormones- control ovarian cycle • Gonadotropic hormones- Not present in constant amounts and are instead secreted at different rates during the cycle. • Estrogen and progesterone- o Estrogen responsible for the secondary sex characteristics o Both responsible for breast development