DH+presentation+notes


 * vegetative coma
 * the person looks like they're asleep
 * they can't wake up
 * the eyes may open
 * Christa Lilly's case
 * woke up for three days after being in a coma for 6 years.
 * has woken up before, but only for a few minutes
 * Kate Adamson
 * suffered a double brain stem stroke
 * was in a coma, knew exactly what was going on
 * they wouldn't give her enough anesthesia because she was in a vegetative state
 * Brain Dead
 * the irreversible end of brain activity, but the body function such as lungs and heart keep going with the help of a machine
 * is often confused with persistent vegetative state
 * Criteria
 * no response to pain, nerve reflexes, and no spontaneous respirations
 * in the past death was when either he person stops breathing and the heart stops, but with the advancements of medical technology
 * doctors can keep someone's body alive, even though the brain is dead
 * Vegetative State
 * usually follows coma
 * lasts much longer than coma
 * more than 1 month
 * persistent vegetative state
 * more than one year
 * permanent
 * Many emerge after only a few weeks, but the longer it lasts the lower the chances of recovery are.
 * recovery within first 6 months
 * damage to the cerebral hemisphere (occipital temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes)
 * cognitive function
 * can't speak or think
 * no damage to the cerebellum and brain stem
 * non-cognitive functions
 * patient is unconscious and unaware, and unable to interace, think, control bladder, and swallow
 * involuntary responses are functioning
 * breath, heart beat, sleep
 * movement may occur spontaneously
 * laugh, grind teeth, open eyes, moan
 * causes
 * traumatic damage
 * powerful impact to the skull
 * non-traumatic damage
 * anoxia
 * sever infection of brain disease
 * tumor
 * stroke
 * treatment
 * no treatment
 * must be kept under close monitory care
 * Donald Hubert
 * December 1995 hubert went without oxygen for several minutes
 * he was trapped under a collapsed roof while fighting a fire
 * remained in coma for 2 months
 * Coma
 * when a person is unconscious
 * can't respond
 * has no sleep-wake cycle
 * no self-awareness
 * unable to make voluntary movements
 * usually lasts 4 weeks
 * Treatment
 * he was put into a nursing home
 * little brain active
 * had no memory
 * woke up from his coma three months later
 * had several days where lucidity was reportedly lower than the original day he awoke
 * Brain?
 * suffered from damage to multiple areas of brain
 * brain cells died
 * damage due to disease
 * said to have little movement
 * people don't know why the medication woke him up
 * died february 21, 2006 of pneumonia


 * Head injuries Iraq war
 * over 2,100 soldiers hve been formally diagnosed with TBI
 * 64% of total soldiers experience some sort of brain injury while in the war
 * leading cause of death and disability (more so than actual fighting)
 * Jose Santiago's story
 * how: fell 20 ft during lookout duty
 * what: traumatic Brain injury
 * changes: short-term memory loss, long-term memory loss, obsessive-compulsive disorder, 8 different medications, anti-depressants, almost OD'ed twice because he forgot he took his medication that day
 * Head injuries from combat
 * military is responsible for the growing number of head injuries, because in full univorm, the only part of a soldier's body left unprotected is the head
 * when explosives detonate, they shoot shards of scrap-metal in all directions, striking many soldiers in the head and other parts of the body. this is th eleading cause of head injury from fighting.
 * Evan Mettie
 * spent 3 months in treatment
 * metal was blown into his brain
 * couldn't walk or talk
 * injuries have cost 30000 so far
 * "has taken away any future chance of employment, children, marriage, family. he will be with us for the rest of his life, as long as we live...
 * effects on the brain from the iraq war
 * was is seeing more brain injuries than any other war in our nations history
 * military is having to adapt to this
 * there is great body armor to protect against bullets
 * head is the weakest spot on the soldier because there can't be very much restriction in vision
 * helmets are the best that we can do at the moment
 * there is really no protection from a rode side bomb
 * TBI
 * everyone brain is different, so there is no telling is a person will come back to normal in a week or in a year
 * january 2003-2007 437 cases of TBI reported in our soldiers
 * more than half of these cases there was permanent brain damage
 * injury is new to american doctors, all they know how to try and re-teach the basics
 * no other war in our history has ever led to brain injuries
 * many soldiers have been diagnoses with TBI and completed a full recovery
 * Bob Woodruff
 * was in iraq doing a story about the troops wen his military convoy was hit by a road side bomb
 * had to have part of his skull reconstructed
 * fully functional adult, no sign of the injury from looking or talking to him
 * Improvised Explosive Devices
 * IEDs
 * road side bombs
 * often set to detonate on a passing vehicle
 * bombs cause a massive pressure
 * secondary shock is the pressure of air rushing back into the pressure area just after the bomb has gone off. this can also cause brain and nerve damage
 * Kevlar Helmets
 * not designed to absorb impact or protect from any attack other than small arms
 * new helmet in production to save soldiers from such horrible head injuries
 * Modular integrated communication helmet
 * padded helmet for all terrain, motor vehicles
 * 60% of 25000 war injuries are caused by IEDs
 * similar to WWI shell shock
 * they are creating more stuff in the cars so that the shocks are absorbed more


 * Sports Concussion
 * Zack's story
 * football player
 * got a concussion
 * can't walk, swallow
 * mom quit job to take car of him
 * onlookres of the game, zack showed no signs of a concussion
 * left him paralyzed
 * return to play guidelines
 * athletes must be removed from the game and be examined immediately and at five minute intervals for signs os disorientation
 * Carrie's story
 * got a concussion
 * face dive and a somersault salt in a soccer game
 * played w/ a concussion
 * ImPACT test