LC-Nerve+Notes

Nervous System Reading (How does the body respond to a stimulus?)
 * p. 17
 * 2) What is homeostasis, and how is it maintained? Give some examples that show how systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
 * Homeostasis is an internal environment for cells that usually varies only within certain limits. The environment includes temperature maintained by shivering and sweating. The digestive system provides nutrients, the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system all react to stimuli to maintain homeostasis.
 * p. 83
 * 7) Explain why the skin is sometimes referred to as the integumentary system.
 * The skin has several accessory organs such as hair and sweat glands, just as organ systems have accessories to help their process such as the digestive system. For this reason, skin is often referred to as the integumentary system.
 * 11) Why is homeostasis defined as the "//relative// constancy of the internal environment?" Does negative feedback or positive feedback tend to promote homeostasis? Explain
 * Homeostasis is the body's ability to keep the internal organs in a comfortable environment. Negative feedback promotes homeostasis by diminishing the effects of external stimuli. Positive feedback diminishes homeostasis by emphasizing the effects of external stimuli.
 * p. 245
 * 9) How does the muscular system help maintain homeostasis?
 * When your body is cold, muscles conserve body heat by constricting blood vessels, also muscles begin to constrict and release known as shivering.
 * p. 271
 * 1) What are the three functions of the nervous system.
 * The nervous system receives input, integrates data, and generates motor output.
 * 2) What are the functions performed by the three types of neurons? Describe the structure and functions of the three parts of a neuron.
 * Sensory neurons takes nerve impulses to the central nervous system. Interneurons recieve messages from sensory neurons and other interneurons. Motor neurons deliver messages from the CNS to muscle fibers or glands.
 * p. 293
 * 1) Contrast exteroceptors and interoceptors.
 * Exteroceptors react to external stimuli such as taste, smell, etc. and interoceptors react to internal stimuli such as changes in blood pressure, and pH in the blood.
 * 4) List the cutaneous receptors and the type of stimulus each responds to.
 * Meissner corpuscles- touch in sensitive places. i.e. fingertips
 * Merkel disks- touch
 * root hair plexus- fires if hair is touched