Cell+HW+for+WG

1. What does the cell theory state? The cell theory states that a cell is the basic unit of life, and nothing smaller than a cell is alive 2. Why are cells so tiny? It’s explained by considering the surface area-to-volume ratio cells 3. What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell? Nucleus, a plasma membrane, and a cytoplasm 4. Explain how the eukaryotic cell gained mitochondria and chloroplasts. Because the eukaryotic cell evolved, and used mitochondria to carry its cellular respiration. The chloroplasts are only found in plants. 5. What are glycoproteins, and what functions do proteins, including glycoproteins, have in the plasma membrane? Short chains of sugars are attached to the outer surface of some protein and lipid molecules. They help mark each cell as belonging to a particular individual. It also acts as a chemical messenger for the plasma membrane. 6. What is endocytosis and exocytosis, and how do they occur? Portion of the plasma membrane invaginates, or forms a pouch. For exocytosis, a vesile fuses with the plasma membrane as secretion occurs. 7. The nucleus, ribosomes, and rough endoplasmic reticulum make what contribution to protein synthesis? The nucleus stores genetic information, ribosomes attach to the endoplasmic rectilum, the “ER” is where proteins are synthesized and enter the interior. 8. The endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus make what contribution to the processing of proteins? The Golgi apparatus contributes lipids from the ER to the proteins. 9. What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes? Its function is to channel membranous saccules into the cytoplasm, and the lysosomes contains hydrolytic enzymes for digesting macromolecules. 10. What is the function of the mitochondria? It produces ATP molecules during the process of cellular respiration.  pigs all over