synapses+dw

Synapses

Motor Neuron p.234

What is a motor neuron? A motor neuron is a nerve cell that conducts nerve impulses away from the central nervous system and innervates effectors (muscles and glands).

What is the name neurotransmitter released by motor neurons? Effectors How does botox prevent muscle contraction? It relaxes the muscles inside the body. Cocaine p.268 What does cocaine interfere with at the synapses? Cocaine interferes with the synaptic uptake of dopamine, and this causes the user to experience a rush sensation. What is the effect? The effect is that is the epinephrine-like effects of dopamine account for the state os arousal that last for only minutes after the rush experience. Methamphetamine p.268 What neurotransmitter does meth resemble? Amphetimine What is the effect? Is causes significant tolerance as well as physiological dependence. The user is likely to have strong cravings for more meth, while at the same time being enable to reach a satisfactory and aggressive, erratic behavior.

Heroin p. 268 Where is heroin derived? Morphine What is heroin converted to that can bind opiate receptors in the brain? It resembles endorphins that rid the body of pain, and produce a feeling of tranquility. What do the opiate receptors do? It causes a feeling of euphoria.

Marijuana p. 269 What is THC? Tetrahydrocannabinol What is anandamide? An anadamide is an endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitter found in animal and human organs, especially in the brain. What is the relationship between THC and anandamide and cannabinoids? They are hallucinogens. Why are the receptors that bind cannabidoids important? Because they can b blocked permantely.

What does smoking THC cause? Mild euphoria Bad vision and judgment Distortions on space and time Impaired motor skills