Digestive+system+and+nutrition+problems

1. What is appendicitis and why is it dangerous? p. 145 • When the appendix is inflamed and it is dangerous because if it burst a life threatening infection of the peritoneum can result 2. What are dental carries? What causes them and how can they be prevented? p. 146 • Dental carries is tooth decay. Eating a limited amount of sweets and daily brushing and flossing of the teeth prevents it. 3. What is hearburn? And how can it be prevented? p. 148 • When stomach acids pass upward into the esophagus producing the burning sensation of heartburn. It can be prevented by a healthy diet and excersize. 4. Wath is lactose intolerance? What are the symptoms? 150 • People who don’t have the brush border enzyme called lactase and thus cannot digest lactose. Gas, bloating and cramps are the side effects. 5. What are gallstones? p.152 • Gallstones are stone like material that are formed when liquid stored in the gallbladder hardens 6. What is jaundice? p. 153 • A yellowish tint to the whites of the eyes and also to the skin of light-pigmented persons caused when bile pigments leak into the blood. 7. What is hepatitis? p. 153 • inflammation of the liver 8. What is Cirrhosis? p. 153 • chronic disease of the liver, often seen in alcoholics also seen in overweight people due to a diet high in fatty foods. 9. What causes diarrhea and what are the symptoms, effects? p. 154 • The major cause of diarrhea is the infection of the lower intestinal tract and nervous stimulation. Food poisoning can cause diarrhea. 10. What is constipation? What can help ease constipation? p. 154 • when a persons feces are hard and dry. Laxatives can help ease the symptoms. 11. What are hemrrhoids? p. 155 • enlarged and inflamed blood vessels at the anus. 12. What is diverticulosis? p. 145, 155 • the occurrence of little pouches of mucosa that have pushed out through weak spots in the muscularis. 13. What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome? p. 145, 155 • A condition in which the muscularis contracts powerfully but without its normal coordination. 14. What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease? p. 145, 155 15. What are polyps and how are they associat ed with cancer? p. 155 16. How do doctors look at your GI tract? (describe the pill cam and colonoscopy) p. 155 17. Can carbohydrates be harmful? p. 158 • They may be responsible for the current obesity epidemic. May lead to type 2 diabetes. 18. Can proteins be harmful? p. 159 • Can increase calcium loss in urine can lead to kidney stones and bad kidneys. 19. Can lipids be harmful? p. 159 • Saturated fats are harmful if eaten in excess because they make you fat and raise cholesterol levels.